Manipulation of feeding regime alters sexual dimorphism for lifespan and reduces sexual conflict in Drosophila melanogaster.
Manipulation of feeding regime alters sexual dimorphism for lifespan and reduces sexual conflict in Drosophila melanogaster.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2017.0391
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发表时间：
2017-05-17
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chapman T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Duxbury EML;Rostant WG;Chapman T
寿命两性异形（SDL）是普遍存在的，但了解甚少。我们在这里测试的一个主要假设是，强大的SDL可以通过允许每种性别最大化其性别特异性适应性来减少性冲突。我们使用复制的实验进化系的果蝇，果蝇，这已经保持了超过360代的不可预测的“随机”或可预测的“定期”喂养制度。这种喂养制度的进化操纵导致了强大的，增强的SDL在随机控制，常规线。增强SDL与一个显着增加的健身重点男性，测试野生型（WT）女性。这是由于男性生活史的性别特异性变化，表现为早期生殖输出增加和生存减少。与此相反，焦点女性健身，测试与WT男性，并没有不同的制度。因此，SDL的增加与性冲突的减少有关，这增加了男性的健康，并保持女性的健康。SDL的差异与发育时间或发育存活率无关。总体而言，结果表明，增强SDL的表达，导致实验进化的喂养制度，与男性特定的生活史的变化，导致健身增加和减少性冲突。
Sexual dimorphism for lifespan (SDL) is widespread, but poorly understood. A leading hypothesis, which we test here, is that strong SDL can reduce sexual conflict by allowing each sex to maximize its sex-specific fitness. We used replicated experimental evolution lines of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, which had been maintained for over 360 generations on either unpredictable ‘Random’ or predictable ‘Regular’ feeding regimes. This evolutionary manipulation of feeding regime led to robust, enhanced SDL in Random over control, Regular lines. Enhanced SDL was associated with a significant increase in the fitness of focal males, tested with wild-type (WT) females. This was due to sex-specific changes to male life history, manifested as increased early reproductive output and reduced survival. In contrast, focal female fitness, tested with WT males, did not differ across regimes. Hence increased SDL was associated with a reduction in sexual conflict, which increased male fitness and maintained fitness in females. Differences in SDL were not associated with developmental time or developmental survival. Overall, the results showed that the expression of enhanced SDL, resulting from experimental evolution of feeding regimes, was associated with male-specific changes in life history, leading to increased fitness and reduced sexual conflict.