An Extensive Field Survey Combined with a Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals Rapid and Widespread Invasion of Two Alien Whiteflies in China
An Extensive Field Survey Combined with a Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals Rapid and Widespread Invasion of Two Alien Whiteflies in China
复制标题
广泛的实地调查结合系统发育分析揭示了两种外来粉虱在中国的快速和广泛入侵
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0016061
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liu, Shu-Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Jian;De Barro, Paul;Liu, Shu-Sheng
背景了解外来昆虫入侵的过程是提高管理水平的前提。烟粉虱是一种神秘的物种复合体，包含一些世界范围内最具侵略性的害虫。然而，广泛的实地数据，以显示该物种复杂的成员的地理分布，以及入侵的一些成员是稀缺的。方法/主要发现我们使用实地调查和公布的数据，以评估目前的多样性和分布的B。烟粉虱在中国的隐种，并与其他亚洲和澳大利亚成员的复杂的本地成员。这项调查涵盖了16个省，土著B。烟粉虱的发生，并扩大了这与公布的数据为整个中国。我们用分子标记来识别神秘物种。不同亚洲B种之间的进化关系。烟粉虱的重建使用贝叶斯方法。结果表明，外来入侵种Middle East-Asia Minor 1在中国占优势，而另一种新的入侵种Mediterranean现在是长江流域和东部沿海地区的优势种，Middle East-Asia Minor 1现在仅在南部和东南部沿海地区占优势。基于mtCO 1，我们确定了4个新的隐种，我们总共记录了13个本地种和2个入侵种。多样性在南部和东南部省份最高，向北部和西部下降。只有这两种入侵物种在该国北方地区被发现，它们主要出现在受保护的作物中。到2009年，土著物种主要分布在偏远山区，在广大的农业区几乎没有。结论/意义粉虱B的一些成员的入侵。烟粉虱物种复合体可以迅速广泛传播，与入侵者关系密切的土著物种被取代。
Background To understand the processes of invasions by alien insects is a pre-requisite for improving management. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex that contains some of the most invasive pests worldwide. However, extensive field data to show the geographic distribution of the members of this species complex as well as the invasion by some of its members are scarce. Methodology/Principal Findings We used field surveys and published data to assess the current diversity and distribution of B. tabaci cryptic species in China and relate the indigenous members to other Asian and Australian members of the complex. The survey covered the 16 provinces where indigenous B. tabaci occur and extends this with published data for the whole of China. We used molecular markers to identify cryptic species. The evolutionary relationships between the different Asian B. tabaci were reconstructed using Bayesian methods. We show that whereas in the past the exotic invader Middle East-Asia Minor 1 was predominant across China, another newer invader Mediterranean is now the dominant species in the Yangtze River Valley and eastern coastal areas, and Middle East-Asia Minor 1 is now predominant only in the south and south eastern coastal areas. Based on mtCO1 we identified four new cryptic species, and in total we have recorded 13 indigenous and two invasive species from China. Diversity was highest in the southern and southeastern provinces and declined to north and west. Only the two invasive species were found in the northern part of the country where they occur primarily in protected cropping. By 2009, indigenous species were mainly found in remote mountainous areas and were mostly absent from extensive agricultural areas. Conclusions/Significance Invasions by some members of the whitefly B. tabaci species complex can be rapid and widespread, and indigenous species closely related to the invaders are replaced.