POLLEN‐ANALYTICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE EFFECT OF PREHISTORIC AGRICULTURE ON THE VEGETATION OF NORTH DERBYSHIRE
POLLEN‐ANALYTICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE EFFECT OF PREHISTORIC AGRICULTURE ON THE VEGETATION OF NORTH DERBYSHIRE
复制标题
史前农业对北德比郡植被影响的花粉分析证据
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1971.tb02566.x
复制
发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
S. Hicks
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hicks
摘要
调查了六个旱地地点，并根据每个地点绘制了花粉图。在每个示意图上都检测到一系列的间隙阶段。这些清除阶段在狗链芬图上用一系列的九个放射性碳日期标出。托特利·莫斯和希珀的病程图都只有一个关于车前草首次出现的放射性碳年代。回顾了该地区的考古证据，并记录了每个时期的文物分布情况。还参考了与考古遗址有关的花粉计数。然后，通过放射性碳证据将各个清理阶段和考古时期联系起来。
据推测，在整个新石器时代和青铜时代，大西洋混交林的砍伐规模很小，而且是暂时的，直到铁器时代才变得广泛。直到铁器时代之前，包括铁器时代在内，畜牧业一直主导着经济，但在罗马占领时期，人们刺激了耕地的种植。到后罗马-前征服时期，森林砍伐和土壤侵蚀使旱地土壤退化到能够在大片土地上形成浅层泥炭覆盖的程度。今天没有树木的石南荒原代表着这一过程的顶峰。
Summary
Six upland sites are investigated and a pollen diagram produced from each. On each diagram a series of clearance phases is detected. These clearance phases are dated on the Leash Fen diagram by a series of nine radiocarbon dates. The Totley Moss and Hipper Sick diagram each have a single radiocarbon date for the first appearance of Plantago lanceolata. The archaeological evidence for the region is reviewed and the distribution of artifacts for each period noted. Reference is also made to spot pollen counts made in association with archaeological sites. Individual clearance phases and archaeological periods are then correlated by means of the radiocarbon evidence.
It is deduced that clearance of the Atlantic mixed-oak forest was small scale and temporary throughout the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, and did not become extensive until the Iron Age. Up until and including the Iron Age pastoralism dominated the economy but during the Roman occupation a stimulus was given to arable cultivation. By the post-Roman-pre-Conquest period, forest clearance and soil erosion had degraded the upland soils to such an extent that a shallow peat cover was able to develop over large areas. The treeless heather moorland of today represents a culmination of this process.