The hippocampus and memory for orderly stimulus relations
The hippocampus and memory for orderly stimulus relations
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.13.7109
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发表时间：
1997-06-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Eichenbaum, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dusek, JA;Eichenbaum, H
人类声明性记忆涉及一个系统的信息组织，该信息支持获得知识的概括和推论。这种记忆取决于人类的海马区域，但是动物的声明性记忆的程度以及记忆的推论表达是否取决于动物中的海马，仍然是认知神经科学的主要挑战。为了检查这些问题，我们使用了伯爵（Piaget）率先提出的及时推理的测试来评估儿童系统知识和逻辑推断的能力。在我们对测试的改编中，对大鼠进行了四个重叠的气味歧视问题的训练，这些问题可以单独编码，也可以作为气味刺激之间有序关系的单一表示，正常大鼠了解了问题，并通过关于在培训期间未一起介绍的项目的适当转移推断。相比之下，在海马与皮质或皮质下途径断开连接后，大鼠成功地获得了单独的歧视问题，但没有表现出及时推理，表明他们未能发展或无法推断出有序的刺激元素的有序组织，这些发现强烈支持这样一种观点，即海马介导动物中的一般声明性记忆能力，就像人类中一样。
Human declarative memory involves a systematic organization of information that supports generalizations and inferences from acquired knowledge. This kind of memory depends on the hippocampal region in humans, but the extent to which animals also have declarative memory, and whether inferential expression of memory depends on the hippocampus in animals, remains a major challenge in cognitive neuroscience. To examine these issues, we used a test of transitive inference pioneered by Piaget to assess capacities for systematic organization of knowledge and logical inference in children. In our adaptation of the test, rats were trained on a set of four overlapping odor discrimination problems that could be encoded either separately or as a single representation of orderly relations among the odor stimuli, Normal rats learned the problems and demonstrated the relational memory organization through appropriate transitive inferences about items not presented together during training. By contrast, after disconnection of the hippocampus from either its cortical or subcortical pathway, rats succeeded in acquiring the separate discrimination problems but did not demonstrate transitive inference, indicating that they had failed to develop or could not inferentially express the orderly organization of the stimulus elements, These findings strongly support the view that the hippocampus mediates a general declarative memory capacity In animals, as it does in humans.