Radio-Frequency Association of Efimov Trimers
Radio-Frequency Association of Efimov Trimers
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1193148
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
T. Lompe;T. B. Ottenstein;F. Serwane;A. Wenz;G. Zürn;S. Jochim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Lompe;T. B. Ottenstein;F. Serwane;A. Wenz;G. Zürn;S. Jochim
少体问题量子力学少体系统看似简单，但却很难描述。 Efimov 三聚体，即三体束缚态，其相互作用调整为非常接近二体束缚态的形成，是这些系统中最容易处理的系统，例如在核物理中具有相关性。最近通过在超冷原子气体中非弹性三体碰撞速率的特征观察到，Efimov 三聚体预计会出现在其比率普遍指定的相互作用强度下。 Lompe 等人通过测量结合能作为相互作用强度的函数。 （第 940 页）直接观察到三个可区分原子结合成束缚态。这项技术可以对三聚体状态进行更精确的研究，有可能揭示先前实验所建议的非通用校正的本质。不同量子态的三个费米子原子的束缚态通过激光缔合直接形成。量子力学三体问题是少体物理学的基本挑战之一。当二体相互作用发生共振时，预计会出现无限系列的通用三体束缚态，其性质由二体相互作用的强度决定。我们使用射频场来关联由三个可区分的费米子组成的 Efimov 三聚体。其结合能的测量结果与包括非普适校正的理论预测一致。
Few-Body Problem Seemingly simple, quantum mechanical few-body systems are notoriously difficult to describe. Efimov trimers, three-body bound states with interactions tuned to be in close vicinity of the formation of two-body bound states, are the most tractable of these systems, with relevance, for example, in nuclear physics. Observed recently in ultracold atomic gases through their signatures in the rate of inelastic three-body collisions, Efimov trimers are predicted to appear at interaction strengths whose ratios are universally specified. By measuring binding energy as a function of interaction strength, Lompe et al. (p. 940) directly observed the association of three distinguishable atoms into a bound state. This technique may enable more precise studies of the trimer state, potentially revealing the nature of nonuniversal corrections suggested by prior experiments. A bound state of three fermionic atoms in different quantum states is formed directly by laser association. The quantum mechanical three-body problem is one of the fundamental challenges of few-body physics. When the two-body interactions become resonant, an infinite series of universal three-body bound states is predicted to occur, whose properties are determined by the strength of the two-body interactions. We used radio-frequency fields to associate Efimov trimers consisting of three distinguishable fermions. The measurements of their binding energy are consistent with theoretical predictions that include nonuniversal corrections.