Neighborhood socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality
Neighborhood socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/153.4.363
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发表时间：
2001-02-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Mackenbach, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosma, H;van de Mheen, HD;Mackenbach, JP
这项研究试图确定邻居的社会经济地位对全因死亡率的贡献，并探索其相关性。作为荷兰纵向“gezondheid en LevensOmstandigheden Bevking en omstreken”(GLOBAL)研究的一部分，从埃因霍温市86个社区随机挑选了8,506名年龄在15-74岁之间的男女，在1991年的基线调查中报告了他们的社会经济状况。在6年的随访中，有487人死亡。社区的社会经济地位是从社会经济地位的个人报告中得出的。它对死亡率的影响在四个个人层面的社会经济指标中得到了严格控制。生活在失业/残疾或贫困人口比例较高的社区的人比生活在失业/残疾或贫困人口比例较低的社区的人死亡风险更高。这与个人的社会经济特征无关，包括个人的失业/残疾或严重财务问题的报告。教育和职业邻里指标与死亡率也有类似的关系，但没有那么强烈。在社会经济地位较低的社区，住房条件差、社会解体、不健康的心理状况和行为的患病率更高。因此，社会经济地位的背景影响可能是由于这些特定情况中的一个或多个。这些发现表明，改变地区的社会经济特征可能会给公众健康带来好处。
This study sought to determine the contribution of neighborhood socioeconomic status to all-cause mortality and to explore its correlates. As part of the longitudinal "Gezondheid en LevensOmstandigheden Bevolking en omstreken" (GLOBE) study in the Netherlands, 8,506 randomly selected men and women aged 15-74 years from 86 neighborhoods in the city of Eindhoven reported on their socioeconomic status in the 1991 baseline survey. During the 6-year follow-up, 487 persons died. Neighborhood socioeconomic status was derived from individual reports on socioeconomic status. Its effect on mortality was stringently controlled for four individual-level socioeconomic indicators. Persons living in a neighborhood with a high percentage of unemployed/disabled or poor persons had a higher mortality risk than did those living in a neighborhood with a low percentage of unemployed/disabled or poor persons. This was independent of individual socioeconomic characteristics, including individual unemployment/disability or reports of severe financial problems. Educational and occupational neighborhood indicators were similarly, but less strongly, related to mortality. The prevalence of poor housing conditions, social disintegration, and unhealthy psychologic profiles and behaviors was higher in neighborhoods with a low socioeconomic status. Contextual effects of socioeconomic status may thus be due to one or more of these specific circumstances. The findings indicate potential public health benefits of modifying socioeconomic characteristics of areas.