Bottom-up approaches to strengthening child protection systems: Placing children, families, and communities at the center.

Bottom-up approaches to strengthening child protection systems: Placing children, families, and communities at the center.
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加强儿童保护体系的自下而上的方法:以儿童、家庭和社区为中心。

DOI:
10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.04.006
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Wessells MG
Wessells MG
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wessells MG

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加强国家儿童保护制度的努力往往采取自上而下的办法,强制提供正式的、由政府管理的服务。这种由专家驱动的办法的特点往往是正规服务利用率低,儿童保护系统的非正规和正规方面不协调。本文探讨了一种替代方法,社区驱动的,自下而上的工作,使非正式的正式合作和调整,更多地使用正式服务,内部驱动的社会变革,和高水平的社区所有权。依赖专家主导的儿童福利委员会的主导办法导致社区所有权水平低下。通过采用在塞拉利昂农村地区制定和测试的方法,社区驱动的行动,包括与正规系统的协作和联系,促进了正规服务的使用,并提高了系统的自主权、有效性和可持续性。外地需要减少对专家驱动的方法的依赖,而更广泛地使用较慢的、社区驱动的、自下而上的儿童保护方法。
Efforts to strengthen national child protection systems have frequently taken a top-down approach of imposing formal, government-managed services. Such expert-driven approaches are often characterized by low use of formal services and the misalignment of the nonformal and formal aspects of the child protection system. This article examines an alternative approach of community-driven, bottom-up work that enables nonformal–formal collaboration and alignment, greater use of formal services, internally driven social change, and high levels of community ownership. The dominant approach of reliance on expert-driven Child Welfare Committees produces low levels of community ownership. Using an approach developed and tested in rural Sierra Leone, community-driven action, including collaboration and linkages with the formal system, promoted the use of formal services and achieved increased ownership, effectiveness, and sustainability of the system. The field needs less reliance on expert-driven approaches and much wider use of slower, community-driven, bottom-up approaches to child protection.
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