Obesity and heart disease - A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association
Obesity and heart disease - A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association
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DOI：
10.1161/01.cir.96.9.3248
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发表时间：
1997-11-04
期刊：
影响因子：
37.8
通讯作者：
Eckel, RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckel, RH
肥胖是一种日益普遍的代谢紊乱，不仅影响美国人口，也影响发展中国家的人口。根据第三次全国健康和营养调查（NHANES III）（1988-1991）的估计，33%的美国人口肥胖，而NHANES II（1976-1980）为25%。1肥胖与许多合并症有关，包括几种形式的心脏病。虽然遗传可以解释30%至70%的肥胖病例，但必须寻找环境对肥胖患病率增加的贡献，因为基因库在同一时间段内保持稳定。高脂肪（和卡路里）的饮食2和体力活动形式的能量消耗减少3是最可能的解释。然而，在美国，尽管脂肪消耗量从1965年的约40%减少到1991年的34%，但肥胖症的发病率并没有下降。这可能是由于脂肪摄入量的维持和总热量摄入量的增加以及体力活动的减少。有趣的是，在发展中国家，一些合并症的超重程度较低，这表明相对体重可能与绝对肥胖一样重要。
Obesity is an increasingly prevalent metabolic disorder affecting not only the US population but also that of the developing world. It is estimated from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)(1988-1991) that 33% of the US population is obese, compared with 25% in NHANES II (1976-1980). 1 Fatness is associated with a number of comorbidities, including several forms of heart disease. Although heredity explains 30% to 70% of cases of obesity, environmental contributions to the increasing prevalence of obesity must be sought since the gene pool has remained stable over the same interval. Diets high in fat (and calories) 2 and a reduced expenditure of energy in the form of physical activity 3 are the most likely explanations. However, in the United States, despite the reduction in consumption of fat from approximately 40% of calories in 1965 to 34% of calories in 1991, 4 a decrease in incidence of obesity has not occurred. This is likely attributable to both maintenance of fat intake with an increase in total caloric intake and reduced physical activity. Interestingly, in developing countries some comorbidities are seen at a lesser degree of excess weight, suggesting that relative weight may be as important as absolute adiposity.