New Interpretation of the Palate of Pterosaurs
New Interpretation of the Palate of Pterosaurs
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.21053
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Pohl, Burkhardt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Osi, Attila;Prondvai, Edina;Pohl, Burkhardt
在一个新的，三维保存的早侏罗世翼龙标本的基础上，我们提出了翼龙腭的重新解释。硬腭是由上颌骨广阔的腭板形成的，而不是像一般重建的那样由腭形成的。与其他始龙和鳞翅目龙一样，上颌骨的腭板在喙侧和喙侧将喙部隔开。纵长背腹平的腭是上颌骨腭板尾侧的孤立骨，在形态和地形上分别与鳄鱼和鸟类相似。腭部将颈袢从眶下孔侧分开，表明所有始祖龙和鳞翅目龙的（初级）颈袢具有同源性。我们的研究表明，在基翼龙中，翼外翼窗存在于眶下窗的尾端，与翼手状骨的内收肌室融合，从而增加了内收肌室的相对大小，从而增加了下颌内收肌的质量。与翼状间隙相比，基底翼龙的翅脉相对较小。随着翼龙的侧腹倾度的增加，翼龙的翼状间隙明显减小，而翼龙的翼状间隙增大。这个特殊的多颌龙标本还显示了一对迄今为止未知的窗，位于前上颌骨-上颌骨的腭接触处，可能代表犁鼻器的孔。中国生物医学工程学报，29(3):563 - 568,2010。(C) 2009 WileyLiss, Inc。
On the basis of a new, three-dimensionally preserved specimen of the Early Jurassic pterosaur Dorygnathus banthensis we present a reinterpretation of the pterosaur palate. The hard palate is formed by the extensive palatal plate of the maxilla and not by the palatine as has been generally reconstructed. This palatal plate of the maxilla emarginates the choana rostrally and rostrolaterally as in other archosaurs and lepidosaurs. The longitudinally elongate and dorsoventrally flat palatine in Dorygnathus is an isolated bone caudal to the palatal plate of the maxilla and morphologically and topographically it resembles that of crocodilians and birds, respectively. The palatine separates the choana laterally from the suborbital fenestra demonstrating the homologous nature of the (primary) choana in all archosaurs and lepidosaurs. Our study indicates that in basal pterosaurs the pterygo-ectopterygoid fenestra existed caudal to the suborbital fenestra, which became confluent with the adductor chamber in pterodactyloids thereby increasing the relative size of the adductor chamber and hence the mass of the jaw adductors. The choana in basal pterosaurs was relatively small compared with the interpterygoid vacuity. With increasing rostroventral inclination of the quadrates in more derived pterosaurs, the interpterygoid vacuity was reduced considerably, whereas the choana increased in size. This exceptional Dorygnathus specimen also shows a hitherto unknown pair of fenestrae situated at the palatal contact of the premaxilla-maxilla and might represent the aperture for the vomeronasal organ. Anat Rec, 293:243-258, 2010. (C) 2009 WileyLiss, Inc.