Current Status of 'Sanghuang' as a Group of Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Perspective in Industry Development
Current Status of 'Sanghuang' as a Group of Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Perspective in Industry Development
复制标题
“桑黄”药用菌类群现状及产业发展展望
DOI：
10.1080/87559129.2020.1740245
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Wu Fang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Liwei;Ghobad-Nejhad Masoomeh;Tian Xuemei;Wang Yifei;Wu Fang
桑黄是药用大型真菌中最重要的类群之一，在过去的两个世纪里一直被用于中药。然而，关于“桑黄”的知识分布在不同学科的期刊上，这意味着它并不广为人知。为了促进桑黄对人类健康的益处，本文综述了桑黄作为一类药用大型真菌的现状。“桑黄”由桑黄孢属的所有成员组成，该属目前包括分布在世界各地的14个描述物种。担子果粉或片作为补充剂是主要的消费方式。在桑黄野生担子果数量不足的情况下，应通过栽培来促进桑黄担子果的长期利用。桑黄主要具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节、抗糖尿病、保肝等药用价值。多糖、多酚、吡喃和萜类是这些药用功能的主要代谢物。最后，提出了提高“桑黄”资源可持续利用的四个方向。准确的识别和标准沉积，物种多样性的记录，多组学分析，以及一个覆盖所有的数据库。希望本综述能引起人们对桑黄作为药用蘑菇在规模化工业中的利用的更多关注。
‘Sanghuang’ is one of the most important groups of medicinal macrofungi and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the past two centuries. However, knowledge about ‘Sanghuang’ is distributed in journals of different disciplines, which has meant it is not well known. To facilitate the benefit of ‘Sanghuang’ to human health, here we summarize its current status as a group of medicinal macrofungi. ‘Sanghuang’ consists of all members of the genusSanghuangporus, which now accommodates 14 described species distributed around the world. The powders or chips of basidiocarps as supplements are the main method of consumption. In the case that wild basidiocarps of ‘Sanghuang’ are not sufficient, cultivation is supposed to provide a solution to promote the long-term utilization of ‘Sanghuang’ basidiocarps. ‘Sanghuang’ mainly possesses antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and other medicinal properties. Polysaccharides, polyphenols, pyrones, and terpenes are the main metabolites responsible for these medicinal functions. Finally, four directions are proposed to improve the sustainable utilization of ‘Sanghuang’ resources, viz. accurate identification and standard deposition, documentation of species diversity, multi-omics analyses, and a cover-all database. Hopefully, this review will draw more attention to the utilization of ‘Sanghuang’ as medicinal mushrooms in a large scale of industry.