Can work make you sick? A meta-analysis of the relationships between job stressors and physical symptoms
Can work make you sick? A meta-analysis of the relationships between job stressors and physical symptoms
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DOI：
10.1080/02678373.2011.569175
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Spector, Paul E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nixon, Ashley E.;Mazzola, Joseph J.;Spector, Paul E.
对79项报告身体症状与各种职业压力源之间横断面和纵向关系的研究进行了荟萃分析。压力源包括组织约束、人际冲突、角色冲突、角色模糊、工作量、工作时间和缺乏控制。在个体症状和复合症状量表上对应激源与8种躯体症状之间的关系进行了定量总结和对比。在横断面分析中，所有的职业压力源都与身体症状显著相关，并且这些关系的效应大小因压力源和个体症状而异。纵向关系与横断面结果相似，为职业压力与身体症状关系的时间一致性提供了一些证据。在横断面和纵向分析中，组织约束和人际冲突与症状的关系最强。胃肠道问题和睡眠障碍与压力源的关系明显高于其他症状。这些发现表明，检查身体症状是很重要的，因为它们与广泛的工作压力源有关，这些关系随着时间的推移而普遍存在。潜在的潜在机制，包括对压力源的生理反应的即时性，参与者对压力源-身体症状关系的归因，以及症状可能的多维性质，提出并讨论。
A meta-analysis of 79 studies reporting cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between physical symptoms and various occupational stressors was conducted. Stressors were organizational constraints, interpersonal conflict, role conflict, role ambiguity, workload, work hours, and lack of control. The relationships between stressors and eight physical symptoms were quantitatively summarized and contrasted, for both individual symptoms and composite symptom scales. All of the occupational stressors were significantly related to physical symptoms in cross-sectional analyses, and the effect sizes of these relationships varied both by the stressor and the individual symptom examined. The longitudinal relationships were similar to the cross-sectional results, and provided some evidence of temporal consistency of the occupational stressorphysical symptom relationship. Organizational constraints and interpersonal conflict had the strongest relationships with symptoms in both the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Gastrointestinal problems and sleep disturbances were significantly related to more stressors than other symptoms examined. These findings show that it is important to examine physical symptoms, as they are related to a wide range of job stressors and these relationships prevail over time. Potential underlying mechanisms, including the immediacy of physiological reactions to stressors, participants' attributions concerning stressor-physical symptom relationships, and the possible multidimensional nature of symptoms, are proposed and discussed.