Sound pressure transformations by the head and pinnae of the adult Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)
Sound pressure transformations by the head and pinnae of the adult Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2010.10.007
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Tollin, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koka, Kanthaiah;Jones, Heath G.;Tollin, Daniel J.
声音定位主要有三种线索：耳间时差(ITD)和声级差(ILD)以及单耳频谱形状线索。这些信号是由头部和外耳对传播的声波进行空间和频率相关的过滤而产生的。虽然龙猫几十年来一直被用来研究听觉的解剖学、生理学和心理物理学，包括双耳和空间听力，但实际上人们对头部和耳廓的声压转换以及由此产生的声音定位线索知之甚少。在这里，我们测量了9只成年龙猫的方向传递函数(DIF)，即头部相关传递函数的方向分量。根据DTF计算得到的定位线索。在额叶半球，出现了类似于6-18 khz的频率的光谱凹槽提示。一般来说，与缺口对应的频率随源高度的增加以及同侧耳的方位角的增加而增加。ILDS与源方位角和频率有很强的相关性。最大ILD在<；5 kHz频率下为10分贝，在<；5 khz频率下为10-30分贝。最大ITD随频率而异，4 kHz时S产量为236亩，250 Hz时S产量为336亩。去除耳廓消除了频谱凹陷提示，降低了声学增益和ILDS，改变了声轴，减少了ITDS。(C)2010爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
There are three main cues to sound location: the interaural differences in time (ITD) and level (ILD) as well as the monaural spectral shape cues. These cues are generated by the spatial- and frequency-dependent filtering of propagating sound waves by the head and external ears. Although the chinchilla has been used for decades to study the anatomy, physiology, and psychophysics of audition, including binaural and spatial hearing, little is actually known about the sound pressure transformations by the head and pinnae and the resulting sound localization cues available to them. Here, we measured the directional transfer functions (DIFs), the directional components of the head-related transfer functions, for 9 adult chinchillas. The resulting localization cues were computed from the DTFs. In the frontal hemisphere, spectral notch cues were present for frequencies from similar to 6-18 kHz. In general, the frequency corresponding to the notch increased with increases in source elevation as well as in azimuth towards the ipsilateral ear. The ILDs demonstrated a strong correlation with source azimuth and frequency. The maximum ILDs were < 10 dB for frequencies < 5 kHz, and ranged from 10-30 dB for the frequencies > 5 kHz. The maximum ITDs were dependent on frequency, yielding 236 mu s at 4 kHz and 336 mu s at 250 Hz. Removal of the pinnae eliminated the spectral notch cues, reduced the acoustic gain and the ILDs, altered the acoustic axis, and reduced the ITDs. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.