Variables associated with DUI offender status among whites and Mexican Americans
Variables associated with DUI offender status among whites and Mexican Americans
复制标题
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2000.61.698
复制
发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tam, TW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherpitel, CJ;Tam, TW
目的：在加利福尼亚州因酒后驾车(DUI)而被捕的西班牙裔美国人被发现比例过高。通过对墨西哥裔美国人和白人酒后驾车被逮捕者身份相关变量的分析，验证了墨西哥裔美国人的文化适应与酒后驾车行为相关，而白人的冒险倾向变量与酒后驾车行为相关的假设。方法：在加利福尼亚州北部一个县的所有五个酒后驾车治疗项目中，对249名墨西哥裔美国人客户(外国出生的样本过多)和250名白人客户进行了访谈。结果：单因素分析显示，在墨西哥裔美国人中，冒险/冲动和寻求感觉与多发性犯罪者身份呈正相关，而在白人中则不相关。多元Logistic回归发现，年龄是罪犯状态的唯一显著预测因素；然而，路径模型发现，通过饮酒对酒后驾车逮捕的态度对罪犯状态有显著的间接影响，那些报告如果停止饮酒则几乎不可能因酒后驾车被捕而被捕的人不太可能报告每周至少一次喝五杯或更多酒，并且墨西哥裔美国人比白人更有可能相信他们不会被逮捕，并认为酒后驾车不是问题。结论：这些数据表明，对酒后驾车的态度和规范存在显著的种族差异，这些态度和规范与一次大量饮酒的频率有关，需要进一步的研究来确定这些变量以及性格和文化适应变量如何与酒后驾车犯罪者的状态相关。
Objective: Arrests of Hispanics have been found to be overrepresented among arrests for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) in California. Variables associated with offender status (first vs multiple) among Mexican-American and white DUI arrestees are analyzed to test the hypothesis that acculturation will be related to DUI among Mexican Americans while risk-taking dispositional variables will be related to DUI among whites. Method: A sample of 249 Mexican-American clients (with an oversampling of foreign-born) and 250 white clients were interviewed in all five DUI treatment programs in one northern California county. Results: In univariate analysis, risk taking/impulsivity and sensation seeking were positively associated with multiple offender status among Mexican Americans, but not among whites. Multiple logistic regression found age as the only significant predictor of offender status in either ethnic group; however, path models found significant indirect effects on offender status of attitudes regarding DUI arrest through alcohol consumption, with those reporting having little chance of being arrested for DUI if stopped being less likely to report consuming five or more drinks at a sitting at least weekly, and with Mexican Americans being more likely than whites to believe they will not be arrested and to consider that DUI is not a problem. Conclusions: The data suggest that there are significant ethnic differences in attitudes and norms toward DUI that are related to frequency of drinking large amounts at one sitting, and future research is needed to determine how these variables along with dispositional and acculturation variables may be associated with DUI offender status.