INTERGRADATION OF 2 DIFFERENT VENOM POPULATIONS OF THE MOJAVE RATTLESNAKE (CROTALUS-SCUTULATUS-SCUTULATUS) IN ARIZONA
INTERGRADATION OF 2 DIFFERENT VENOM POPULATIONS OF THE MOJAVE RATTLESNAKE (CROTALUS-SCUTULATUS-SCUTULATUS) IN ARIZONA
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DOI：
10.1016/0041-0101(89)90203-1
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
STRAIGHT, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GLENN, JL;STRAIGHT, RC
两种不同的蛇毒种群存在于亚利桑那州。一个种群的毒液（毒液A）含有毒素“莫哈韦毒素”，缺乏出血和特定的蛋白质水解活性。其他种群（毒液B）不含莫哈韦毒素，但确实产生出血和蛋白水解活性。采用免疫化学法检测了美国亚利桑那州15只虎爪蟾（Crotalus scululatus sculculatus）毒液中莫哈韦毒素的含量，并采用小鼠体内致死性LD50、蛋白水解活性和小鼠出血活性测定了莫哈韦毒素的含量。用反相高效液相色谱法分析毒液蛋白成分。7种毒液同时含有A毒液的莫哈韦毒素和B毒液的蛋白水解和出血活性，A + B毒液的i.p LD50值为0.4 ~ 2.6 mg/kg，而A毒液个体为0.2 ~ 0.5 mg/kg， B毒液个体为2.1 ~ 5.3 mg/kg。高效液相色谱分析表明，A + B毒液表现出A和B毒液的组合蛋白谱。这些数据表明，在B毒液种群的西部和南部地区，两种毒液类型之间存在一个过渡带。在这些区域，三种主要的毒液类型可以出现在Crotalus s. scuculatus。
Two distinct venom populations of Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus exist in Arizona. The venom of one population (venom A) contains the toxin ''Mojave toxin'' and is lacking in hemorrhagic and specific proteolytic activities. The other population (venom B) does not contain Mojave toxin but does produce hemorrhagic and proteolytic acteivities. The venoms of 15 Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus from regions between the venom A and venom B populations in Arizona were examined for the presence of Mojave toxin by immunochemical assay, lethality by mouse i.p. LD50, proteolytic activity and hemorrhagic activity in mice. Venom protein constituents were analyzed using reverse-phase HPLC. Seven venoms contained both the Mojave toxin of venom A and the proteolytic and hemorrhagic activities of venom B. The i.p. LD50 values of the A + B venoms were 0.4-2.6 mg/kg, compared to 0.2-0.5 mg/kg for venom A individuals and 2.1-5.3 mg/kg for the venom B individuals. HPLC illustrated that the A + B venoms exhibited a combined protein profile of venom A and venom B. These data indicate that an intergrade zone exists between the two venom types which arcs around the western and southern regions of the venom B population. Within these regions, three major venom types can occur in Crotalus s. scutulatus.