Control of RANKL gene expression.

Control of RANKL gene expression.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bone.2009.08.050
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发表时间:
2010-04
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
O'Brien, Charles A.
O'Brien, Charles A.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
O'Brien, Charles A.

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破骨细胞是高度特化的细胞,能够降解矿化组织并在骨的不同区域形成以满足不同的生理需求,例如钙的动员、骨结构的建模和骨基质的重塑。破骨细胞的产生在许多病理条件下升高,其中许多导致骨量损失。无论是正常的还是病理性的,破骨细胞的发生都严格依赖于辅助细胞的支持,辅助细胞提供破骨细胞分化所需的细胞因子。这些细胞因子中只有一种,即NFκB配体受体激活因子(RANKL),在整个生命过程中对破骨细胞的形成是绝对必需的,因此由支持破骨细胞分化的所有细胞类型表达。RANKL在骨吸收中的核心作用突出表现在它是抑制骨丢失的新疗法的基础。这篇综述将讨论RANKL基因在不同的破骨细胞支持细胞中表达的控制机制,以及这些机制的研究如何能够更好地理解驱动正常和病理性骨吸收的细胞相互作用。
Osteoclasts are highly specialized cells capable of degrading mineralized tissue and form at different regions of bone to meet different physiological needs, such as mobilization of calcium, modeling of bone structure, and remodeling of bone matrix. Osteoclast production is elevated in a number of pathological conditions, many of which lead to loss of bone mass. Whether normal or pathological, osteoclastogenesis strictly depends upon support from accessory cells which supply cytokines required for osteoclast differentiation. Only one of these cytokines, receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL), is absolutely essential for osteoclast formation throughout life and is thus expressed by all cell types that support osteoclast differentiation. The central role of RANKL in bone resorption is highlighted by the fact that it is the basis for a new therapy to inhibit bone loss. This review will discuss mechanisms that control RANKL gene expression in different osteoclast-support cells and how the study of such mechanisms may lead to a better understanding of the cellular interactions that drive normal and pathological bone resorption.
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