An ethical crisis in ancient DNA research: Insights from the Chaco Canyon controversy as a case study
An ethical crisis in ancient DNA research: Insights from the Chaco Canyon controversy as a case study
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DOI：
10.1177/1469605321991600
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发表时间：
2021-03-03
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Colwell, Chip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cortez, Amanda Daniela;Bolnick, Deborah A.;Colwell, Chip
近年来，古基因组学领域已经发展成为一个令人兴奋和快速发展的科学研究领域。然而，这一领域的科学工作远远超过了该学科关于研究伦理的对话。特别是，土著人民认为，古基因组学革命产生了一种“吸血鬼科学”，使生物殖民主义传统永久化，即在未经受这项研究影响最大的社区同意或受益的情况下提取土著人的身体和遗产。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了这些伦理问题，通过一个项目，从新墨西哥州的查科峡谷的九个祖先普韦布洛人的古DNA（aDNA）测序的案例研究。通过对这场争论的“深入描述”，我们能够分析其元叙事、分期、路径依赖和历史偶然性。我们的结论是，古基因组学革命需要包括一个道德革命，重塑该领域的价值观，关系，形式的问责制，和做法。
In recent years, the field of paleogenomics has grown into an exciting and rapidly advancing area of scientific inquiry. However, scientific work in this field has far outpaced the discipline's dialogue about research ethics. In particular, Indigenous peoples have argued that the paleogenomics revolution has produced a "vampire science" that perpetuates biocolonialist traditions of extracting Indigenous bodies and heritage without the consent of, or benefits to, the communities who are most affected by this research. In this article, we explore these ethical issues through the case study of a project that sequenced the ancient DNA (aDNA) of nine Ancestral Puebloan people from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. By providing a "thick description" of this controversy, we are able to analyze its metanarratives, periodization, path dependency, and historical contingencies. We conclude that the paleogenomics revolution needs to include an ethical revolution that remakes the field's values, relationships, forms of accountability, and practices.