Sensorimotor ECoG Signal Features for BCI Control: A Comparison Between People With Locked-In Syndrome and Able-Bodied Controls
Sensorimotor ECoG Signal Features for BCI Control: A Comparison Between People With Locked-In Syndrome and Able-Bodied Controls
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2019.01058
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发表时间：
2019-10-16
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Vansteensel, Mariska J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freudenburg, Zachary, V;Branco, Mariana P.;Vansteensel, Mariska J.
感觉运动皮层是脑机接口（bci）发展的一个经常针对的大脑区域，用于严重瘫痪和交流问题（闭锁综合征；LIS）的人的交流。人们普遍认为，在例如手的运动过程中，该区域表现出高频频段（HFB）功率的增加和低频频段（LFB）功率的减少。在手部运动终止后，LFB带的活动通常会出现短暂的增加（反弹）。通过想象或尝试运动来调节感觉运动皮层中的神经信号的能力对于无法执行运动的人实现感觉运动脑机接口至关重要。这可能并不总是不言自明的，因为LIS的最常见原因，肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）和脑干中风，与大脑的严重损伤有关，可能影响感觉运动皮层中基线神经活动的产生，并通过想象或尝试的手部运动来调节。在Utrecht NeuroProsthesis （UNP）研究中，一名ALS引起的LIS患者和一名脑干中风引起的LIS患者被植入了完全可植入的脑机接口（BCI），包括在感觉运动区域的硬膜下皮质电图（ECoG）电极，目的是实现基于ECoG-BCI的通信。我们注意到这些参与者在尝试移动手所产生的频谱功率变化上的差异。为了更好地理解这些差异的本质和来源，我们将LIS参与者的基线频谱特征和任务诱导的神经信号调制与一组接受亚慢性植入ECoG电极用于诊断目的的健全癫痫患者进行了比较。我们的数据显示，尽管参与者在该区域的HFB反应一致，但基线LFB振荡成分和（尝试）手部运动引起的感觉运动皮层LFB功率的变化在参与者之间是不同的。我们得出结论，LIS的病因可能对感觉运动皮层的LFB谱成分有显著影响，这与该人群的通信脑机接口的发展有关。
The sensorimotor cortex is a frequently targeted brain area for the development of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) for communication in people with severe paralysis and communication problems (locked-in syndrome; LIS). It is widely acknowledged that this area displays an increase in high-frequency band (HFB) power and a decrease in the power of the low frequency band (LFB) during movement of, for example, the hand. Upon termination of hand movement, activity in the LFB band typically shows a short increase (rebound). The ability to modulate the neural signal in the sensorimotor cortex by imagining or attempting to move is crucial for the implementation of sensorimotor BCI in people who are unable to execute movements. This may not always be self-evident, since the most common causes of LIS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and brain stem stroke, are associated with significant damage to the brain, potentially affecting the generation of baseline neural activity in the sensorimotor cortex and the modulation thereof by imagined or attempted hand movement. In the Utrecht NeuroProsthesis (UNP) study, a participant with LIS caused by ALS and a participant with LIS due to brain stem stroke were implanted with a fully implantable BCI, including subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes over the sensorimotor area, with the purpose of achieving ECoG-BCI-based communication. We noted differences between these participants in the spectral power changes generated by attempted movement of the hand. To better understand the nature and origin of these differences, we compared the baseline spectral features and task-induced modulation of the neural signal of the LIS participants, with those of a group of able-bodied people with epilepsy who received a subchronic implant with ECoG electrodes for diagnostic purposes. Our data show that baseline LFB oscillatory components and changes generated in the LFB power of the sensorimotor cortex by (attempted) hand movement differ between participants, despite consistent HFB responses in this area. We conclude that the etiology of LIS may have significant effects on the LFB spectral components in the sensorimotor cortex, which is relevant for the development of communication-BCIs for this population.