Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Native Microorganisms in a Waste-Amended Paddy Soil
Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Native Microorganisms in a Waste-Amended Paddy Soil
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废物改良稻田土壤中原生微生物的生物固氮
DOI：
10.1300/j064v29n04_04
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Eneji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. El;T. Honna;S. Yamamoto;A. Eneji
生物固氮（BNF）是可持续和环境友好型粮食生产和作物长期生产力的一个重要方面。游离固氮微生物和内生细菌对水稻淹水栽培土壤肥力的维持起着重要作用。本研究评价了这些微生物在酸性水稻土中作为天然生物肥料的潜力。在盆栽试验条件下，研究了3种土壤改良剂（稻草堆肥、污水污泥和氮磷钾）和3种固氮剂（细菌、蓝绿藻（BGA）和BGA +细菌）对水稻的影响。经土壤改进剂调节的土壤pH值对BGA和细菌的固氮潜力有显著影响。施用秸秆肥料的盆栽固氮能力低于施用污泥的盆栽。土壤改良剂和微生物对土壤氮矿化速率均有显著影响。施用堆肥秸秆增加了NH4-N，但在接种细菌的水稻中，氮的利用被推迟。BGA +细菌处理比单独接种细菌或BGA的培养具有更高的固氮率和植物固氮产氮比例。不同土壤改型下，Pfix与地上部吸氮量呈负相关。结果表明，酸性土壤中自由生活的固氮微生物不仅受土壤氮含量的影响，还受土壤改剂类型的影响。在接种了BGA +细菌的土壤中添加污泥可增加土壤中氮化氮含量，从而有利于水稻生产，特别是在酸性土壤中。
ABSTRACT Biological nitrogen (N2) fixation (BNF) is an important aspect of sustainable and environmentally-friendly food production and long-term crop productivity. It has been established that free-living N2-fixing microbes and Endophytic bacteria play a vital role in the maintenance of soil fertility in flooded rice culture. The potential use of these microorganisms as a natural biofertilizer under an acidic paddy soil was evaluated in this study. Three soil amendments (composted rice straw, sewage sludge, and NPK) and three combinations of N2 fixers [bacteria, blue-green algae (BGA), and BGA + bacteria] were studied for rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a pot experiment. The soil pH which was moderated by the soil amendments had a significant effect on the potential of N2 fixation by BGA and bacteria. Pots amended with straw manure exhibited a lower N2-fixing ability than those amended with sludge. Nitrogen mineralization rate was significantly affected by both type of soil amendments and microorganisms. The NH4-N increased with composted straw application, but the utilization of nitrogen in the rice culture inoculated with bacteria was delayed. BGA + bacteria treatment showed higher N2-fixing rate and proportion of plant nitrogen derived from N2 fixation (Pfix) than cultures inoculated separately with bacteria or BGA. A negative correlation was found between the Pfix and the shoot N uptake under the different soil amendments. The results show that free-living N2-fixing microbes in an acid soil are governed not only by the soil nitrogen content but also by the type of soil amendment. The addition of sludge to BGA + bacteria inoculated soil increased BNF and consequently could be beneficial to rice production especially in an acidic soil.