Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Therapeutic Potential for a Multitude of Diseases beyond Clostridium difficile
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Therapeutic Potential for a Multitude of Diseases beyond Clostridium difficile
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.bad-0008-2017
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nieuwdorp, Max
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bakker, Guido J.;Nieuwdorp, Max
人体肠道含有数万亿的细菌，统称为肠道微生物群。最近的见解将肠道微生物群与多种疾病联系起来，包括艰难梭菌感染（CDI），炎症性肠病（IBD）和代谢性疾病，如肥胖，2型糖尿病（T2D）和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）。粪便微生物群移植（FMT）目前已被测试为各种疾病的治疗选择，也可以帮助分析肠道微生物群和疾病之间的因果关系。在CDI中，FMT已被证明上级抗生素治疗。对于IBD、T2D和NASH，几项安慰剂对照随机对照试验正在进行中。此外，技术和标准化正在发展。随着FMT作为CDI以外疾病的治疗方式的扩展，一种全新的治疗选择可能会出现。此外，将特定菌株的改变与疾病结果相关联可能在寻找新的细菌靶点方面至关重要。因此，尽管肠道微生物群在各种疾病中的因果关系仍然需要证明，但FMT可能被证明是一种强大的工具，为我们提供诊断和治疗线索。
The human intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria, collectively called the gut microbiota. Recent insights have linked the gut microbiota to a plethora of diseases, including Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is currently tested as a therapeutic option in various diseases and can also help to dissect association from causality with respect to gut microbiota and disease. In CDI, FMT has been shown to be superior to antibiotic treatment. For IBD, T2D, and NASH, several placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials are under way. Moreover, techniques and standardization are developing. With the extension of FMT as a treatment modality in diseases other than CDI, a whole new treatment option may be emerging. Moreover, correlating alterations in specific strains to disease outcome may prove pivotal in finding new bacterial targets. Thus, although causality of the gut microbiota in various diseases still needs to be proven, FMT may prove to be a powerful tool providing us with diagnostic and therapeutic leads.