Direct Estimate of Lateral Eddy Diffusivity Upstream of Drake Passage

Direct Estimate of Lateral Eddy Diffusivity Upstream of Drake Passage
复制标题

德雷克海峡上游横向涡扩散率的直接估计

DOI:
10.1175/jpo-d-13-0120.1
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Watson A
Watson A
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Watson A

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提出了对地转湍流混合南极环极流示踪剂的速率的第一个直接估计。这一估计是根据在德雷克海峡上游释放的一种示踪剂的扩散计算得出的,该示踪剂是南大洋深环流和等环流混合实验(DIMES)的一部分。经向涡旋扩散率,即示踪剂面积沿南极环极流等平线扩散的速率,在1500米深度为710±260 m2s−1。这一估计是基于对基于示踪剂的扩散率的外推,该扩散率是利用对德雷克海峡地区环流和湍流的二十分之一度模式模拟中释放的数值示踪剂的输出进行的。该模型再现了DIMES示踪剂的扩散速率,并表明经向涡旋扩散率在水柱上方1公里处较弱,值低于500 m2s−1,并在2公里附近的转向水平处达到峰值,在那里涡旋相速度等于平均流速。目前用于气候研究的海洋模式没有捕捉到这些垂直变化,但它们显著影响不同水团的通风。
The first direct estimate of the rate at which geostrophic turbulence mixes tracers across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is presented. The estimate is computed from the spreading of a tracer released upstream of Drake Passage as part of the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES). The meridional eddy diffusivity, a measure of the rate at which the area of the tracer spreads along an isopycnal across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, is 710 ± 260 m2s−1at 1500-m depth. The estimate is based on an extrapolation of the tracer-based diffusivity using output from numerical tracers released in a one-twentieth of a degree model simulation of the circulation and turbulence in the Drake Passage region. The model is shown to reproduce the observed spreading rate of the DIMES tracer and suggests that the meridional eddy diffusivity is weak in the upper kilometer of the water column with values below 500 m2s−1and peaks at the steering level, near 2 km, where the eddy phase speed is equal to the mean flow speed. These vertical variations are not captured by ocean models presently used for climate studies, but they significantly affect the ventilation of different water masses.
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