Edge modes as reference frames and boundary actions from post-selection

Edge modes as reference frames and boundary actions from post-selection
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边缘模式作为参考系和后选择的边界动作

DOI:
10.1007/jhep02(2022)172
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Carrozza S
Carrozza S
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carrozza S

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我们引入了一个在(经典)规范场理论中实现边缘模式作为动态参考框架的通用框架,这是我们完全明确的一种经常建议的解释。我们关注一个有界区域 M,它具有一个同维度的类时间边界 Γ,我们将其嵌入到全局时空中。以全局层面的变分原理作为输入,我们开发了一种系统形式主义,为子区域 M 引入一致的变分原理(特别是边界作用)。这依赖于 Γ 的后选择程序,该程序隔离了与 M 中动力学规范不变边界条件的一般选择兼容的全局理论的子部分。至关重要的是,后者将 Γ 上的配置场与携带有关 M 时空补的信息的动态框架场相关联;因此,它们可以等效地解释为框架装饰或关系可观察量。一般来说,外部框架场在子区域 M 的后续动力学上留下印记,在子区域 M 中,外部框架场将自身具体化为类时间边界 Γ 上的局部场;换句话说,边缘模式。我们将边界对称性识别为框架重新定向,并表明它们根据影响边缘模式的物理状态的边界条件分为三种类型。我们的构造依赖于协变相空间形式主义,原则上适用于任何规范(场)理论。我们用三个标准例子来说明它:麦克斯韦、阿贝尔陈-西蒙斯和非阿贝尔杨-米尔斯理论。作为补充,我们还分析了一个机械玩具模型,将我们的工作与最近在(量子)参考系上的工作联系起来。
We introduce a general framework realizing edge modes in (classical) gauge field theory as dynamical reference frames, an often suggested interpretation that we make entirely explicit. We focus on a bounded region M with a co-dimension one time-like boundary Γ, which we embed in a global spacetime. Taking as input a variational principle at the global level, we develop a systematic formalism inducing consistent variational principles (and in particular, boundary actions) for the subregion M. This relies on a post-selection procedure on Γ, which isolates the subsector of the global theory compatible with a general choice of gauge-invariant boundary conditions for the dynamics in M. Crucially, the latter relate the configuration fields on Γ to a dynamical frame field carrying information about the spacetime complement of M; as such, they may be equivalently interpreted as frame-dressed or relational observables. Generically, the external frame field keeps an imprint on the ensuing dynamics for subregion M, where it materializes itself as a local field on the time-like boundary Γ; in other words, an edge mode. We identify boundary symmetries as frame reorientations and show that they divide into three types, depending on the boundary conditions, that affect the physical status of the edge modes. Our construction relies on the covariant phase space formalism, and is in principle applicable to any gauge (field) theory. We illustrate it on three standard examples: Maxwell, Abelian Chern-Simons and non-Abelian Yang-Mills theories. In complement, we also analyze a mechanical toy-model to connect our work with recent efforts on (quantum) reference frames.
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