Age and Smoking Related Changes in Metal Ion Levels in Human Lens: Implications for Cataract Formation.
Age and Smoking Related Changes in Metal Ion Levels in Human Lens: Implications for Cataract Formation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0147576
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Day AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langford-Smith A;Tilakaratna V;Lythgoe PR;Clark SJ;Bishop PN;Day AJ
与晶状体有关的白内障形成是全世界失明的主要原因，虽然可以通过手术摘除透镜来治疗，但大多数患者既没有经济能力，也没有机会获得所需的医疗设施。因此，更好地了解白内障的发病机制可能会发现新的治疗靶点，以防止或减缓其进展。白内障的发病率与年龄和吸烟密切相关，这些因素通常与金属离子在其他组织中的积累有关。因此，本研究通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法评价了32例11至82岁捐献者的无已知白内障的死后人类晶状体中14种金属离子的年龄相关变化;还分析了10名吸烟者与14名非吸烟者的吸烟相关变化。在透镜组织中首次观察到与年龄相关的硒的显著增加和铜离子的减少，其中镉离子水平也增加，如先前所见。与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的铝和钒离子增加（以前仅在白内障晶状体中进行过分析）。金属离子的这些变化，即由于正常衰老和吸烟而发生的变化，可能通过诱导氧化应激途径、调节细胞外基质结构/功能和细胞毒性而导致白内障形成。因此，本研究确定了人类透镜中金属离子的新变化，这些变化可能会导致白内障形成的病理学。
Age-related cataract formation is the primary cause of blindness worldwide and although treatable by surgical removal of the lens the majority of sufferers have neither the finances nor access to the medical facilities required. Therefore, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cataract may identify new therapeutic targets to prevent or slow its progression. Cataract incidence is strongly correlated with age and cigarette smoking, factors that are often associated with accumulation of metal ions in other tissues. Therefore this study evaluated the age-related changes in 14 metal ions in 32 post mortem human lenses without known cataract from donors of 11 to 82 years of age by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; smoking-related changes in 10 smokers verses 14 non-smokers were also analysed. A significant age-related increase in selenium and decrease in copper ions was observed for the first time in the lens tissue, where cadmium ion levels were also increased as has been seen previously. Aluminium and vanadium ions were found to be increased in smokers compared to non-smokers (an analysis that has only been carried out before in lenses with cataract). These changes in metal ions, i.e. that occur as a consequence of normal ageing and of smoking, could contribute to cataract formation via induction of oxidative stress pathways, modulation of extracellular matrix structure/function and cellular toxicity. Thus, this study has identified novel changes in metal ions in human lens that could potentially drive the pathology of cataract formation.