Progress Made in Lunar In Situ Resource Utilization under NASA's Exploration Technology and Development Program
Progress Made in Lunar In Situ Resource Utilization under NASA's Exploration Technology and Development Program
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0000208
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Larson, William E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sanders, Gerald B.;Larson, William E.
将原位资源利用（ISRU）和用于推进、动力和生命支持的任务关键消耗品的生产纳入使命架构中，可以大大降低任务的质量、成本和风险，从而为人类探索地球以外提供可持续和负担得起的方法。ISRU及其产品还可以极大地影响其他勘探系统的开发方式，包括确定哪些技术是重要的或有利的。虽然月球ISRU的概念已经存在了40多年，但技术和系统在简单的实验室概念验证测试之后并没有取得太大进展。随着2004年以利用月球资源为目标的太空探索愿景的发布，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在探索技术发展计划（ETDP）中启动了ISRU项目，以开发实现这一目标所需的技术和系统。在ISRU项目的5年工作中，月球ISRU的几个重要领域取得了重大进展和成就。此外，2008年和2010年在夏威夷举行的两次模拟现场测试展示了ISRU能力所需的所有步骤，沿着ISRU产品和硬件与推进，动力和低温存储系统的集成。本文将回顾ETDP中ISRU项目的范围，ISRU的合并，ISRU项目使用的开发策略，以及ISRU在5年资助项目活动中的开发和测试成就。DOI：10.1061/（ASCE）AS.1943-5525.0000208。(C)2013年美国土木工程师协会。
Incorporation of in situ resource utilization (ISRU) and the production of mission-critical consumables for propulsion, power, and life support into mission architectures can greatly reduce the mass, cost, and risk of missions, leading to a sustainable and affordable approach to human exploration beyond Earth. ISRU and its products can also greatly affect how other exploration systems are developed, including determining which technologies are important or enabling. Although the concept of lunar ISRU has existed for more than 40 years, the technologies and systems had not progressed much past simple laboratory proof-of-concept tests. With the release of the Vision for Space Exploration in 2004 with the goal of harnessing the Moon's resources, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) initiated the ISRU project in the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP) to develop the technologies and systems needed to meet this goal. In the 5 years of work in the ISRU Project, significant advancements and accomplishments occurred in several important areas of lunar ISRU. Also, two analog field tests held in Hawaii in 2008 and 2010 demonstrated all the steps in ISRU capabilities required, along with the integration of ISRU products and hardware with propulsion, power, and cryogenic storage systems. This paper will review the scope of the ISRU Project in the ETDP, ISRU incorporation, development strategies used by the ISRU project, and ISRU development and test accomplishments over the 5 years of funded project activity. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000208. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.