High Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Wild Populations of Lowland Leopard Frogs Rana yavapaiensis in Arizona
High Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Wild Populations of Lowland Leopard Frogs Rana yavapaiensis in Arizona
复制标题
亚利桑那州低地豹蛙 Rana yavapaiensis 野生种群中树状壶菌的高流行率
作者：
M. Schlaepfer;M. Sredl;P. Rosen;M. Ryan
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) 是一种可能导致壶菌病的真菌，壶菌病是一种两栖动物疾病，与世界许多地区的死亡和人口下降有关。过去十年的冬季实地调查记录了患有壶菌病的低地豹蛙 Rana yavapaiensis 种群的死亡。为了测试真菌是否在观察到的宿主死亡事件之间持续存在于宿主群体中，我们量化了非冬季月份的现场 Bd 感染率。我们使用 PCR 对来自亚利桑那州 9 个看似健康的低地豹蛙种群以及 4 个美国牛蛙 R.catesbeiana（Bd 的推定载体）的活体个体进行了 Bd 检测。我们在 13 个样本人群中的 10 个中发现了 Bd。 Bd 的总体患病率在低地豹蛙中为 43%，在美洲牛蛙中为 18%。我们的结果表明，Bd 在非冬季月份在亚利桑那州广泛传播，并且可能仅在冬季与其他辅助因子结合才变得有毒，或者现在在这些物种中是良性的。尽管附近的环境水域中存在 Bd，但与温泉（水 >30°C）相关的两个种群中却没有 Bd，这表明这些微生境代表了 Bd 和壶菌病的避难所。
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a fungus that can potentially lead to chytridiomycosis, an amphibian disease implicated in die-offs and population declines in many regions of the world. Winter field surveys in the last decade have documented die-offs in populations of the lowland leopard frog Rana yavapaiensis with chytridiomycosis. To test whether the fungus persists in host populations between episodes of observed host mortality, we quantified field-based Bd infection rates during nonwinter months. We used PCR to sample for the presence of Bd in live individuals from nine seemingly healthy populations of the lowland leopard frog as well as four of the American bullfrog R. catesbeiana (a putative vector for Bd) from Arizona. We found Bd in 10 of 13 sampled populations. The overall prevalence of Bd was 43% in lowland leopard frogs and 18% in American bullfrogs. Our results suggest that Bd is widespread in Arizona during nonwinter months and may become virulent only in winter in conjunction with other cofactors, or is now benign in these species. The absence of Bd from two populations associated with thermal springs (water >30°C), despite its presence in nearby ambient waters, suggests that these microhabitats represent refugia from Bd and chytridiomycosis.
用于检测动物群体感染或疾病的采样。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
影响因子：
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作者：
DiGiacomo,RF;Koepsell,TD
通讯作者：
Koepsell,TD