Uncovering putative neural markers of risk avoidance.
Uncovering putative neural markers of risk avoidance.
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揭示假定的风险规避神经标记。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.038
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ernst,Monique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roy,AmyKrain;Gotimer,Kristin;Kelly,AMClare;Castellanos,FXavier;Milham,MichaelP;Ernst,Monique
风险规避是焦虑症等精神病理疾病的标志。然而很少有研究探讨其神经基础。目前的工作试图确定风险规避的神经相关性。在获得功能性 MRI 扫描的同时，健康成年人 (N=23) 玩了命运之轮游戏，在游戏中他们选择对 104 项提议的赌博试验中的每一项进行下注或放弃。参与者还完成了风险事件的认知评估（CARE，Fromme 等，1997），这是对“现实世界”风险行为的自我报告测量。正如预期的那样，决策与纹状体、岛叶、前扣带皮层、背外侧前额叶皮层和顶叶的 BOLD 反应增加所测量的激活有关。概率试验期间的风险规避（通过试验的百分比）与楔前叶和纹状体对具有特定结果（无风险）的试验的反应显着相关。同样，在无风险试验中，CARE 测量的“现实世界”风险规避与楔前叶活动显着相关。总的来说，这些数据表明，楔前叶和纹状体对确定性决策的反应代表了实验室和“现实世界”中风险规避的假定神经标志物。此外，他们强调需要将风险规避和相关焦虑症的神经影像学研究扩展到后皮质区域。
Risk avoidance is a hallmark of psychopathological conditions such as anxiety disorders. Yet few studies have examined its neural basis. The present work sought to identify the neural correlates of risk avoidance. While functional MRI scans were acquired, healthy adults (N=23) played a Wheel of Fortune game during which they chose to bet or pass on each of 104 proposed gamble trials. Participants also completed the Cognitive Appraisal of Risky Events (CARE, Fromme et al., 1997), a self-report measure of “real world” risky behavior. As expected, decision-making was associated with activation, as measured by increased BOLD responses, of the striatum, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and parietal lobe. Risk avoidance during probabilistic trials (percent of trials passed) was significantly correlated with precuneus and striatal responses to trials with a certain outcome (No-Risk). Similarly, “real world” risk avoidance, as measured by the CARE, was significantly correlated with precuneus activity during No-Risk trials. Collectively, these data suggest that precuneus and striatal responses to decision-making under certainty represent putative neural markers of risk avoidance in the laboratory and in the “real world.” Further, they underline the need to extend neuroimaging research on risk avoidance, and associated anxiety disorders, to posterior cortical regions.