Where to attend next: guiding refreshing of visual, spatial, and verbal representations in working memory
Where to attend next: guiding refreshing of visual, spatial, and verbal representations in working memory
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.13621
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Oberauer, Klaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Souza, Alessandra S.;Vergauwe, Evie;Oberauer, Klaus
注意力在工作记忆（WM）中的功能之一是提高信息的可及性，这一机制被称为注意力刷新。刷新被认为是一个域一般的过程中操作的视觉，空间和口头表示一样。到目前为止，很少有研究直接操纵刷新的个人工作记忆表征来衡量刷新的工作记忆的好处。最近，开发了一种引导刷新方法，其包括在WM任务的保持间隔期间呈现线索以指导人们刷新（即，注意）提示的项目。使用连续颜色重建任务，以前的研究表明，报告颜色的错误随刷新频率线性变化。在这里，我们扩展这种方法来评估WM的好处刷新不同的表示类型，从颜色到空间位置和单词。在六个实验中，我们表明，刷新频率调制的性能在所有的刺激域按照刷新是一个域的一般过程中WM的原则。然而，刷新的好处是更大的视觉空间比口头材料。
One of the functions that attention may serve in working memory (WM) is boosting information accessibility, a mechanism known as attentional refreshing. Refreshing is assumed to be a domain-general process operating on visual, spatial, and verbal representations alike. So far, few studies have directly manipulated refreshing of individual WM representations to measure the WM benefits of refreshing. Recently, a guided-refreshing method was developed, which consists of presenting cues during the retention interval of a WM task to instruct people to refresh (i.e., attend to) the cued items. Using a continuous-color reconstruction task, previous studies demonstrated that the error in reporting a color varies linearly with the frequency with which it was refreshed. Here, we extend this approach to assess the WM benefits of refreshing different representation types, from colors to spatial locations and words. Across six experiments, we show that refreshing frequency modulates performance in all stimulus domains in accordance with the tenet that refreshing is a domain-general process in WM. The benefits of refreshing were, however, larger for visual-spatial than verbal materials.