Simulating the Impact of Global Reservoir Expansion on the Present‐Day Climate
Simulating the Impact of Global Reservoir Expansion on the Present‐Day Climate
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DOI：
10.1029/2020jd034485
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发表时间：
2021-03
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Inne Vanderkelen;N. V. van Lipzig;W. Sacks;D. Lawrence;M. Clark;N. Mizukami;Y. Pokhrel;W. Thiery
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文献类型：
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作者：
Inne Vanderkelen;N. V. van Lipzig;W. Sacks;D. Lawrence;M. Clark;N. Mizukami;Y. Pokhrel;W. Thiery
上个世纪的水库扩建在很大程度上影响了下游水流特性。然而，人们对水库扩建对气候的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们实现水库建设的社区土地模型，使动态湖泊面积的变化，同时保存质量和能量。瞬态全球湖泊和水库范围是从HydroLAKES和全球水库和大坝数据库中规定的。仅涵盖世纪的陆地模拟，启用水库扩建，突出显示陆地储水量增加，而与开放水域面积增加相匹配的海水量减少。耦合模拟，包括和不包括水库的比较显示，只有有限的影响，水库对全球温度和表面能量平衡，但表现出大量的响应本地，特别是在水库组成的网格单元的大部分。在这些地区，水库将昼夜温度范围降低了-1.5 K（对于覆盖>15%网格单元的水库），降低了温度极值，并缓和了季节性温度周期。这项研究提供了第一步，对地球系统模型中的水库耦合表示。
Reservoir expansion over the last century has largely affected downstream flow characteristics. Yet very little is known about the impacts of reservoir expansion on the climate. Here, we implement reservoir construction in the Community Land Model by enabling dynamical lake area changes, while conserving mass and energy. Transient global lake and reservoir extent are prescribed from the HydroLAKES and Global Reservoir and Dam databases. Land‐only simulations covering the 20th century with reservoir expansion enabled, highlight increases in terrestrial water storage and decreases in albedo matching the increase in open water area. The comparison of coupled simulations including and excluding reservoirs shows only limited influence of reservoirs on global temperatures and the surface energy balance, but demonstrates substantial responses locally, in particular where reservoirs make up a large fraction of the grid cell. In those locations, reservoirs dampen the diurnal temperature range by up to −1.5 K (for reservoirs covering >15% of the grid cell), reduce temperature extremes, and moderate the seasonal temperature cycle. This study provides a first step towards a coupled representation of reservoirs in Earth System Models.