Use of Antiserum Agar for Detection of Haemophilus influenzae Type b in the Pharynx
Use of Antiserum Agar for Detection of Haemophilus influenzae Type b in the Pharynx
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使用抗血清琼脂检测咽部b型流感嗜血杆菌
DOI：
10.1203/00006450-197505000-00010
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发表时间：
1975
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
J. Robbins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Michaels;Frances E Stonebrake;J. Robbins
提取物：对一种抗血清琼脂培养基进行了评估，以确定其在研究b型流感嗜血杆菌（HIB）在婴儿和幼儿咽部流行率方面的有效性和准确性。不同浓度的成分（列文塔尔碱，抗血清和杆菌肽）的影响被证明。培养基可在4°温度下保存12周而不丧失效力。孵育24-40小时后检测到的所有产生光晕的生物均为HIB。当时HIB少于20个菌落。与咽拭子液同时接种的兔血琼脂和巧克力人血琼脂均未检出HIB。用0.001 ml校准环进行径向条纹培养，产生的带光晕的分离菌落数量至少是用擦拭板区域进行条纹培养的两倍。543名健康匹兹堡学龄前儿童口咽培养表明，6个月至3岁儿童HIB患病率约为3%；在生命的前6个月没有观察到HIB定植。HIB脑膜炎或会厌炎患者的兄弟姐妹携带率（65%）要高得多，并且定植强度也更大；近四分之三的兄弟姐妹携带HIB菌落超过5 × 104个/咽拭子。培养基依赖于大量强效和高度特异性的抗血清，浓缩的利文塔尔碱和精制的琼脂。它的优点是快速、敏感、特异，并具有定量的潜力。该培养基对携带者率研究和HIB在肺炎、鼻窦炎、结膜炎和儿童眼眶蜂窝织炎等疾病中的作用的调查是有用的。推测：HIB脑膜炎患儿的兄弟姐妹咽部定植的高强度可能是该病发病机制的重要因素。最近在幼鼠模型中的研究(9)表明，HIB脑膜炎的发展需要大量的微生物接种。易感儿童与强烈感染HIB的人密切接触可以提供这种大量的接种量。
Extract: An antiserum agar medium was evaluated to determine its usefulness and accuracy in the study of the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) in the pharynx of infants and young children. The effects of varying the concentration of ingredients (Levinthal base, antiserum, and bacitracin) were demonstrated. The medium could be stored at 4° for periods up to 12 weeks with no loss of effectiveness. All halo-producing organisms detected after 24-40 hr of incubation were found to be HIB. When fewer than 20 colonies of HIB were.found on antiserum agar, HIB could not be detected on either rabbit blood agar or chocolate human blood agar simultaneously inoculated with throat swab fluids. Radial streaking with a 0.001-ml calibrated loop yielded at least twice as many isolated colonies with halos than did inoculation by streaking from a swabbed area of the plate.Oropharyngeal culture of 543 healthy Pittsburgh preschool children indicated that the prevalence of HIB is about 3% in children age 6 months through 3 years; HIB colonization was not observed during the first 6 months of life. There was a much higher carrier rate (65% ) for siblings of patients with HIB meningitis or epiglottitis, as well as a greater intensity of colonization; nearly three-quarters of the sibling carriers had over 5 × 104 HIB colonies/throat swab.The medium is dependent on large amounts of potent and highly specific antiserum, a concentrated Levinthal base, and a refined agar. Its advantages are rapidity, sensitivity, specificity, and a potential for quantitation. The medium should be useful for carrier rate studies and for investigations of the role of HIB in such conditions as pneumonia, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, and orbital cellulitis of childhood.Speculation: The high intensity of pharyngeal colonization of siblings of children with HIB meningitis may be important in the pathogenesis of this disease. Recent work in an infant rat model (9) suggests that the development of HIB meningitis requires a large inoculum of organisms. Close contact of a susceptible child with someone intensely colonized with HIB could provide this large inoculum.