Social Exclusion and Earlier Disadvantages: An Empirical Study of Poverty and Social Exclusion in Japan
Social Exclusion and Earlier Disadvantages: An Empirical Study of Poverty and Social Exclusion in Japan
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DOI：
10.1093/ssjj/jyp042
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Abe, Aya K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abe, Aya K.
这是日本第一次尝试定义和衡量该国的贫困和社会排斥程度。它利用了2006年对600个家庭进行的调查的数据，该调查是精心设计的，以记录不同层面的贫困和社会排斥事件，如收入贫困、物质匮乏、被排除在公共服务之外、缺乏社会关系、住房不足、缺乏活动和主观贫困。首先，最容易受到社会排斥的部分人口在收入贫困方面并不一定脆弱。其次，即使在控制了当前的收入、职业和家庭类型之后，早期生活阶段的不利因素似乎也会对当前社会排斥的某些方面产生影响。分析中最有趣的结果之一是，表明15岁贫困的变量对一个人目前缺乏基本需求(食物、衣服和医疗)有积极而显著的影响，即使在控制了当前的收入、年龄、性别、家庭类型和离婚和下岗经历之后也是如此。这表明，童年贫困不仅通过教育和职业(从而影响收入)影响成年人的幸福，而且还存在一条将童年贫困与成人社会排斥直接联系起来的途径。
This paper is one of the first attempts in Japan to define and measure the extent of poverty and social exclusion in the country. It makes use of data from a 2006 survey of 600 households which was carefully designed to capture incidents of different dimensions of poverty and social exclusion, such as income poverty, material deprivation, exclusion from public services, lack of social relations, inadequate housing, lack of activities and subjective poverty The paper's main findings can be summarized as follows. First, sections of the population which are most vulnerable to social exclusion are not necessarily vulnerable in terms of income poverty. Second, disadvantages at earlier stages of life seem to exert influence on some aspects of current social exclusion, even after controlling for current income, occupation and household type. One of the most interesting results of the analysis is that the variable indicating poverty at age 15 has a positive and significant effect on one's current lack of basic needs (food, clothing and medical care), even after controlling for current income, age, sex, household type and experiences of divorce and layoff. This indicates that poverty during childhood not only influences adult wellbeing via education and occupation (and thus, income) but there is also a path which connects childhood poverty and adult social exclusion directly.