Fission-fusion dynamics in wild giraffes may be driven by kinship, spatial overlap and individual social preferences
Fission-fusion dynamics in wild giraffes may be driven by kinship, spatial overlap and individual social preferences
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.11.011
复制
发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Goldizen, Anne W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, Kerryn D.;Seddon, Jennifer M.;Goldizen, Anne W.
许多物种表现出裂变-融合动力学，但影响这些物种群体规模和成员资格频繁变化的因素尚未得到广泛研究。社会关系可能会受到亲属关系的影响，但动物也可能由于社会吸引力而形成偏好的关联，或者可能仅因为它们具有相似的栖息地偏好而发生关联。我们利用来自单独识别的长颈鹿的行为和遗传数据，调查了纳米比亚埃托沙国家公园 535 只野生长颈鹿（Giraffacamelopardalis）的关联模式。我们收集了 14 个月内的 726 条群体组成记录，并计算了配对关联指数，并针对零模型进行了测试。我们发现，女性与女性配对，而非男性与男性配对，表现出偏好和回避的关系。我们测试了女性的关系是否可以通过配对之间的相关程度以及配对是否在空间上重叠来解释。成对关联、空间重叠和相关性矩阵之间的相关性表明，女性-女性关联与空间重叠量密切相关，并且表现出偏好关系的配对比偶然预期的关系更密切。然而，观察到的关联中只有大约四分之一的变化可以通过空间重叠和相关性来解释，因此这种变化大部分可能与个人的社会偏好有关。 (C) 2012 年动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Many species exhibit fission-fusion dynamics, yet the factors that influence the frequent changes in group size and membership in these species have not been widely studied. Social ties may be influenced by kinship but animals may also form preferred associations because of social attraction or may only associate because they have similar habitat preferences. We investigated the association patterns of 535 wild giraffes, Giraffa camelopardalis, in Etosha National Park, Namibia using behavioural and genetic data from individually identified giraffes. We collected 726 records of group composition over a 14-month period and calculated pairwise association indices, which were tested against a null model. We found that female-female pairs, but not male-male pairs, showed both preferred and avoided relationships. We tested whether females' relationships could be explained by the degree of relatedness between pairs and whether pairs overlapped spatially. Correlations between matrices of pairwise associations, spatial overlap and relatedness showed that female-female associations were strongly correlated with amounts of spatial overlap and pairs that exhibited preferred relationships were more closely related than would be expected by chance. However, only about one-quarter of the variation in observed associations could be explained by spatial overlap and relatedness and therefore much of this variation may have been related to individual social preferences. (C) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.