Distance matters
Distance matters
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327051hci1523_4
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Olson, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olson, GM;Olson, JS
世纪之交信息技术的巨大进步可能已经释放了一些无法实现的目标。随着群件的发明，人们希望彼此之间能够轻松地进行通信，即使他们位于遥远的地方或在时间上很少重叠，也能完成困难的工作。各大企业纷纷组建全球团队，期待科技让“虚拟搭配”成为可能。联邦研究基金通过建立“合作研究所”鼓励全球科学。“我们回顾了10多年来对同位和非同位同步组协作的现场和实验室调查。特别是，我们比较并置工作与远程工作，因为它是可能的今天和评论的承诺，远程工作的明天。我们专注于有效的远程工作所需的社会技术条件，并将结果与四个关键概念结合在一起：共同点，工作耦合，协作准备和协作技术准备。具有高度共同点和松散耦合工作的团队，在协作和协作技术方面都做好了准备，有机会成功地开展远程工作。偏离这些原则会对团队成员之间的关系造成压力，并需要改变工作或协作流程才能取得成功。他们通常不会成功，因为距离仍然很重要。
Giant strides in information technology at the turn of the century may have unleashed unreachable goals. With the invention of groupware, people expect to communicate easily with each other and accomplish difficult work even though they are remotely located or rarely overlap in time. Major corporations launch global teams, expecting that technology will make "virtual collocation" possible. Federal research money encourages global science through the establishment of "collaboratories." We review over 10 years of field and laboratory investigations of collocated and noncollocated synchronous group collaborations. In particular, we compare collocated work with remote work as it is possible today and comment on the promise of remote work tomorrow. We focus on the sociotechnical conditions required for effective distance work and bring together the results with four key concepts: common ground, coupling of work, collaboration readiness, and collaboration technology readiness. Groups with high common ground and loosely coupled work, with readiness both for collaboration and collaboration technology, have a chance at succeeding with remote work. Deviations from each of these create strain on the relationships among teammates and require changes in the work or processes of collaboration to succeed. Often they do not succeed because distance still matters.