Toward natural grasping with a tool: effects of practice and required accuracy on the kinematics of tool-use grasping
Toward natural grasping with a tool: effects of practice and required accuracy on the kinematics of tool-use grasping
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00384.2019
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Itaguchi, Yoshihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Itaguchi, Yoshihiro
板口湾走向自然的工具抓握：实践和所需精度对工具使用抓握运动学的影响。神经生理学杂志123：2024-2036，2020。首次发表于2020年4月22日; doi：10.1152/jn.00384.2019.-研究表明，末端效应器的性能是定义跨效应器类型（例如手或工具）的伸手抓握运动学的主要因素。特别地，平稳期的持续时间或静态开孔的时间（即，效应器尖端之间的距离）对于工具使用而言通常比用手自然抓握更长。本研究探讨如何提高熟练的工具使用修改的运动学达到把握运动。为了阐明所需精度对工具使用抓取运动学的影响，对抓取运动速度和抓取难度进行了操纵。结果表明，高原持续时间，其长度表明，达到和抓取组件的时间分离，缩短工具使用的做法进行。这些结果间接支持了平台期缩短是由工具使用熟练度的提高引起的观点。此外，高原持续时间缩短在更快的运动速度或条件下，不需要准确的把握，甚至没有任何实践的工具使用的把握。其他分析发现，平台期持续时间与运动时间无关。这些结果表明，运动学特征应该是特征的工具使用的把握是不可避免的，但很大程度上影响了一个战略，不是故意的，而是自动实施，以弥补缺乏熟练的末端效应器，在协议的想法，大脑集中在末端效应器的提示，无论其效应器类型在达到把握运动。p NEW & NOTEWORTHY这项研究是第一次报道特征孔径时间曲线（称为平台持续时间）与工具使用抓握的运动时间之间的关系。研究结果表明，达到和抓取组件之间的协调性的提高是由工具使用熟练度的提高引起的，而不仅仅是通过缩短运动时间。结果还表明，在运动规划的计算约束的可能性，基本上是相同的手使用的把握和工具使用的把握。
Itaguchi Y. Toward natural grasping with a tool: effects of practice and required accuracy on the kinematics of tool-use grasping. J Neurophysiol 123: 2024-2036, 2020. First published April 22, 2020; doi:10.1152/jn.00384.2019.-Studies have suggested that the profi-ciency of an end effector is the primary factor that defines kinematics of reach-to-grasp movements across the types of effectors, such as the hand or a tool. In particular, the duration of the plateau, or the time of static open aperture (i.e., the distance between tips of effectors), is typically longer for tool use compared with natural grasping with a hand. This study investigated how improvement in the proficiency of tool use modifies the kinematics of reach-to-grasp movements. To clarify the effects of required accuracy on the kinematics in tool-use grasping, movement speed and difficulty of grasping were manipu-lated. The results showed that plateau duration, the length of which indicates that reaching and grasping components are temporally dis-sociated, shortened as tool-use practice proceeded. These results indirectly support the idea that shortened plateau duration was in-duced by improvement in the proficiency of tool use. Moreover, plateau duration was shortened at faster movement speeds or under conditions not requiring accurate grasping, even without any practice of tool-use grasping. Additional analyses found that plateau duration did not scale with movement time. These results suggest that the kinematic features supposed to be characteristic of tool-use grasping are not inevitable but are greatly influenced by a strategy that is not intentionally but rather automatically implemented to compensate for the lack of proficiency of end effectors, in agreement with the idea that the brain focuses on the tips of an end effector regardless of its effector type in reach-to-grasp movements. p NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first reporting the relation between characteristic aperture time profile, called plateau duration, and movement time of tool-use grasping. The results suggest that improved coordination between reaching and grasping compo-nents was induced by improvement in the proficiency of tool use but not by just shortened movement time. The results also indicate the possibility that the constraints for calculations in motor planning are essentially the same between hand-use grasping and tool-use grasping.