Genetic correlations between weapons, body shape and fighting behaviour in the horned beetle Gnatocerus cornutus
Genetic correlations between weapons, body shape and fighting behaviour in the horned beetle Gnatocerus cornutus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.01.008
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Miyatake, Takahisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okada, Kensuke;Miyatake, Takahisa
雄性的争斗经常导致用作武器的特征的进化。此外，拥有发达武器的男性通常在行为和形态上与无武器的男性不同。然而，这些表型相关的遗传基础尚未研究。宽角的。我们的甲虫，角颚甲虫，是一种雄性用它们巨大的下颚进行战斗的甲虫。本研究以金龟子下颚长度为指标，进行双向选择，探讨其对雄虫行为与体型的相关反应。下颌骨大小分化显着后，10代的选择。我们还发现，下颌骨的微进化扩大影响男性的形态和行为。补偿性或支持性特征的下颌骨（头、前胸、颏和前腿）也变大，但眼面积、触角、头角和鞘翅长度都减少。这些形态上的相关反应可能是这些性状和下颌骨发育整合的结果，但某些性状的尺寸减小也可能是由性状之间资源竞争产生的权衡造成的。在任何情况下，武器（下颚）的扩大改变了男性的身体形状，使其适合于战斗。战斗耐力也进化为对下颌骨大小选择的相关反应，选择更大的下颌骨能够战斗更长时间。因此，形态学和打斗似乎在遗传上相互关联。(C)2009年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Male fighting frequently results in the evolution of traits used as weapons. Additionally, males with well-developed weapons typically differ behaviourally and morphologically from weaponless males. However, the genetic basis to these phenotypic correlations has not been investigated. The broad-horned. our beetle, Gnatocerus cornutus, is a species in which males engage in fights using their enlarged mandibles. We conducted bidirectional selection on beetle mandible length to investigate the correlated responses in male behaviour and body shape. Mandible size diverged significantly after 10 generations of selection. We also found that the microevolutionary enlargement of mandibles affected male morphology and behaviour. Compensatory or supportive traits of the mandibles (head, prothorax, genae and forelegs) also became enlarged, but eye area, antenna, head horn and elytra length were all reduced. These correlated responses in morphology may be the result of developmental integration of these traits and mandibles, but the reduction in size of some traits could also be caused by trade-offs generated by resource competition between characters. In any case, the enlargement of the weapon (mandibles) altered male body shape into a suitable form for fighting. Fighting endurance also evolved as a correlated response to selection on mandible size, with lines selected for larger mandibles able to fight for longer. It therefore appears that morphology and fighting are genetically correlated with each other. (C) 2009 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.