Human oral viruses are personal, persistent and gender-consistent
Human oral viruses are personal, persistent and gender-consistent
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2014.31
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Pride, David T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abeles, Shira R.;Robles-Sikisaka, Refugio;Pride, David T.
病毒是人类口腔微生物群中最丰富的成员，但对其在人类中的生物多样性知之甚少。为了提高我们对居住在人类口腔中的DNA病毒的了解，我们在60天的时间里检查了8名不相关受试者的唾液。在11个时间点对每个受试者进行检查，以表征人类口腔病毒的纵向差异。我们的主要目标是确定口腔病毒是否对个体具有特异性，以及病毒基因型是否随时间持续存在。我们在所有研究对象和时间点中发现了同源病毒基因型的一个子集，这表明某些基因型可能在健康人类受试者中普遍存在。我们还发现病毒基因型与个体受试者之间存在显著关联，表明病毒是健康人类口腔微生物组的高度个性化特征。正如某些病毒在整个60天的研究期间持续存在所证明的那样，这些口腔病毒中的许多不是口腔生态系统的短暂成员。正如先前对细菌和真菌所证明的那样，口腔病毒群落的成员与每个受试者的性别显著相关。基于16S rRNA的口腔细菌群落无法识别出个性化、性别特异性的微生物群落的类似特征。我们的研究结果表明，许多病毒是稳定的，并且是口腔生态系统的个体特异性成员，这表明病毒在人类口腔生态系统中具有重要作用。
Viruses are the most abundant members of the human oral microbiome, yet relatively little is known about their biodiversity in humans. To improve our understanding of the DNA viruses that inhabit the human oral cavity, we examined saliva from a cohort of eight unrelated subjects over a 60-day period. Each subject was examined at 11 time points to characterize longitudinal differences in human oral viruses. Our primary goals were to determine whether oral viruses were specific to individuals and whether viral genotypes persisted over time. We found a subset of homologous viral genotypes across all subjects and time points studied, suggesting that certain genotypes may be ubiquitous among healthy human subjects. We also found significant associations between viral genotypes and individual subjects, indicating that viruses are a highly personalized feature of the healthy human oral microbiome. Many of these oral viruses were not transient members of the oral ecosystem, as demonstrated by the persistence of certain viruses throughout the entire 60-day study period. As has previously been demonstrated for bacteria and fungi, membership in the oral viral community was significantly associated with the sex of each subject. Similar characteristics of personalized, sex-specific microflora could not be identified for oral bacterial communities based on 16S rRNA. Our findings that many viruses are stable and individual-specific members of the oral ecosystem suggest that viruses have an important role in the human oral ecosystem.