Haplodiploidy, Sex-Ratio Adjustment, and Eusociality
Haplodiploidy, Sex-Ratio Adjustment, and Eusociality
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DOI：
10.1086/669147
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ross, Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gardner, Andy;Ross, Laura
汉密尔顿的“单倍体假说”认为，夸大的姐妹亲缘关系促进了单倍体中利他主义的兄弟姐妹养育，这可能解释了它们明显的社会性倾向。在这里，我们认为单倍体可能只是通过促进性别比例调整来促进社会性。具体来说，由于“本地资源增强”，单倍体可能会使性别比例倾向于更乐于助人的性别，而这种性别比例偏见可能会促进该性别个体的帮助进化，这是由于“稀有性别效应”。这可以解释为什么单倍体在只有雌性帮助者的分类群（如蚂蚁、黄蜂和蜜蜂）中似乎对社会群居性很重要，而在有雄性和雌性帮助者的分类群（如白蚁）中则不然。
Hamilton's "haplodiploidy hypothesis" holds that inflated sororal relatedness has promoted altruistic sib rearing in haplodiploids, potentially explaining their apparent predisposition to eusociality. Here, we suggest that haplodiploidy may instead promote eusociality simply by facilitating sex-ratio adjustment. Specifically, haplodiploidy may enable sex-ratio bias toward the more helpful sex, owing to "local resource enhancement," and such sex-ratio bias may promote the evolution of helping by individuals of that sex, owing to the "rarer-sex effect." This could explain why haplodiploidy appears to have been important for eusociality in taxa with only female helpers, such as ants, wasps, and bees, but not in taxa with both male and female helpers, such as termites.