Charged-current weak interaction processes in hot and dense matter and its impact on the spectra of neutrinos emitted from protoneutron star cooling.
Charged-current weak interaction processes in hot and dense matter and its impact on the spectra of neutrinos emitted from protoneutron star cooling.
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.109.251104
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发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
G. Martínez-Pinedo;T. Fischer;A. Lohs;L. Huther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Martínez-Pinedo;T. Fischer;A. Lohs;L. Huther
我们进行了三味玻尔兹曼中微子输运辐射流体力学模拟，涵盖了一个核心坍缩超新星爆炸的质子中子星星形成后的3秒。我们的结果表明，Reddy等人[Phys.Rev.D58，013009（1998）]提出的带电中微子在热密物质中相互作用的处理方法对发射中微子的光度和光谱有很大的影响。当与忽略平均场效应的中微子不透明度的模拟相比，我们发现，所有的中微子口味的光度降低，而电子中微子和反中微子之间的光谱差异增加。它们的大小取决于状态方程，特别是亚核密度下的对称能。这些改变降低了流出的质子核子比，略微增加了它们的熵。它们被认为对中微子驱动风中的核合成有重大影响，即使它们不会导致有利于r过程的条件。与以前的研究结果相反，我们的研究结果表明，电子中微子的光谱保持实质上不同的其他（反）中微子口味在整个质子中子星星的去轻子化阶段。所获得的光度和光谱变化也有望对地球上的中微子味振荡和中微子探测产生重要影响。
We perform three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport radiation hydrodynamics simulations covering a period of 3 s after the formation of a protoneutron star in a core-collapse supernova explosion. Our results show that a treatment of charged-current neutrino interactions in hot and dense matter as suggested by Reddy et al. [Phys. Rev. D 58, 013009 (1998)] has a strong impact on the luminosities and spectra of the emitted neutrinos. When compared with simulations that neglect mean-field effects on the neutrino opacities, we find that the luminosities of all neutrino flavors are reduced while the spectral differences between electron neutrinos and antineutrinos are increased. Their magnitude depends on the equation of state and in particular on the symmetry energy at subnuclear densities. These modifications reduce the proton-to-nucleon ratio of the outflow, increasing slightly their entropy. They are expected to have a substantial impact on nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds, even though they do not result in conditions that favor an r process. Contrary to previous findings, our results show that the spectra of electron neutrinos remain substantially different from those of other (anti)neutrino flavors during the entire deleptonization phase of the protoneutron star. The obtained luminosity and spectral changes are also expected to have important consequences for neutrino flavor oscillations and neutrino detection on Earth.