Critical factors influencing the occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in the environment of Bangladesh
Critical factors influencing the occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in the environment of Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.71.8.4645-4654.2005
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Colwell, RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huq, A;Sack, RB;Colwell, RR
1970年在非洲和1991年在拉丁美洲发生的霍乱暴发，主要是在沿海社区，以及在印度和随后在孟加拉国出现的新血清型霍乱弧菌0139，促使人们努力了解影响流行性霍乱弧菌血清型的生长和地理分布的环境因素。由于最近流行病的严重性，霍乱现在被一些传染病研究人员认为是一种“重新出现”的疾病，促使对弧菌生态学的新研究。过去4年来，孟加拉国在四个地理上分散的农村地区对霍乱进行了流行病学和生态监测，在此期间每两周收集一次临床和环境样本。该研究的临床流行病学部分已经发表（Sack等人，J. Infect. 187：96-101，2003）。环境采样和环境及临床数据分析的结果显示，水温、水深、降雨量、电导率和桡足类数量与霍乱毒素产生菌（可能是霍乱弧菌）的出现存在显著相关性。温度和盐度等因素单位的增加或减少与霍乱发生之间的滞后期与生物参数有关，浮游生物大量繁殖关于霍乱弧菌生态学的新信息被证明有助于开发预测霍乱流行的环境模型。
The occurrence of outbreaks of cholera in Africa in 1970 and in Latin America in 1991, mainly in coastal communities, and the appearance of the new serotype Vibrio cholerae 0139 in India and subsequently in Bangladesh have stimulated efforts to understand environmental factors influencing the growth and geographic distribution of epidemic Vibrio cholerae serotypes. Because of the severity of recent epidemics, cholera is now being considered by some infectious disease investigators as a "reemerging" disease, prompting new work on the ecology of vibrios. Epidemiological and ecological surveillance for cholera has been under way in four rural, geographically separated locations in Bangladesh for the past 4 years, during which both clinical and environmental samples were collected at biweekly intervals. The clinical epidemiology portion of the research has been published (Sack et al., J. Infect. Dis. 187:96-101, 2003). The results of environmental sampling and analysis of the environmental and clinical data have revealed significant correlations of water temperature, water depth, rainfall, conductivity, and copepod counts with the occurrence of cholera toxin-producing bacteria (presumably V. cholerae). The lag periods between increases or decreases in units of factors, such as temperature and salinity, and occurrence of cholera correlate with biological parameters, e.g., plankton population blooms. The new information on the ecology of V. cholerae is proving useful in developing environmental models for the prediction of cholera epidemics.