Monitoring and assessment of land degradation and desertification: Towards new conceptual and integrated approaches
Monitoring and assessment of land degradation and desertification: Towards new conceptual and integrated approaches
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DOI：
10.1002/ldr.1075
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
J. Vogt;U. Safriel;G. V. Maltitz;Y. Sokona;R. Zougmoré;G. Bastin;J. Hill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Vogt;U. Safriel;G. V. Maltitz;Y. Sokona;R. Zougmoré;G. Bastin;J. Hill
执行《联合国防治荒漠化公约》（《荒漠化公约》）需要有商定的、科学上合理的和切实可行的方法，以监测和评估土地退化的状况和趋势，并监测管理方案的绩效。过去，缺乏充分和综合的监测和评估被认为是防治荒漠化的主要制约因素。然而，实施有效的合并和收购方案需要认真分析不同利害关系方的信息需求，对土地退化的过程和驱动因素有明确的科学概念，并分析适当合并和收购的理论和实际可能性。本文简要分析了不同利益相关者的信息需求，审查了现有的并购制度，并强调了科学合理的监测和评估方法的关键方面。对现有方法的分析表明，尽管这些方法具有相关性，但在业务规模上执行这些方法的标准化程序仍然缺乏。部分原因是缺乏商定和明确的定义，在界定和衡量代表土地退化和荒漠化的属性方面存在相关困难，以及实地数据在不同程度上缺乏。还迫切需要通过一个将荒漠化的驱动因素、进程和症状联系起来的适当的、强有力的科学框架，更好地整合荒漠化的生物物理和社会经济方面。这样一个框架将有助于确定需要监测的关键变量，并为改进对脆弱性的预测和评估提供基础，从而为政策和决策提供极为重要的信息。版权所有© 2011约翰威利父子有限公司.
The implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) needs agreed, scientifically sound and practical methodologies for monitoring and assessing the state and trend of land degradation as well as for monitoring the performance of management programmes. The lack of sufficient and integrated monitoring and assessment (M&A) has in the past been identified as a major constraint for combating desertification. Implementing efficient M&A programmes, however, requires careful analysis of the information needs of the different stakeholders, a clear scientific concept of the processes and drivers of land degradation and an analysis of the theoretical and practical possibilities for adequate M&A. This paper briefly analyses the information needs of diverse stakeholders, reviews existing M&A systems, and highlights key aspects for a scientifically sound approach to monitoring and assessment. Analysis of existing approaches shows that in spite of their relevance, standardised procedures for their implementation at operational scales are lacking. This is partly attributable to the lack of agreed and clear definitions, related difficulties in defining and hence in measuring the attributes chosen to represent land degradation and desertification and the varying degrees of paucity of field data. There is also the urgent need to better integrate bio‐physical and socio‐economic aspects of desertification through a suitably robust scientific framework that links the drivers, processes and symptoms of desertification. Such a framework will allow for the identification of key variables to be monitored and will provide a basis for an improved forecasting and assessment of vulnerability, thereby providing highly important information for policy‐ and decision‐making. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.