Coming to Terms with Chinese Buddhism: A Reading of the Treasure Store Treatise
Coming to Terms with Chinese Buddhism: A Reading of the Treasure Store Treatise
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接受中国佛教：读《宝藏论》
DOI：
10.1353/cri.2003.0123
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Sharf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sharf
中国佛教经常被描述为印度佛教和中国文明之间长期相遇的产物，这种相遇导致了佛教教义和实践的中国化。在一个精湛的学术展示，罗伯特沙夫作出了重大贡献，重新评估的遭遇。他指出，尽管中国人认识到佛教的外国起源，但在整个中世纪时期，他们对南亚神职人员和梵文文本的实际接触是有限的。沙夫认为，在很大程度上，中国人与佛教的对话发生在中国人自己身上。在这种情况下，中国佛教更适合作为中国文化的产物，而不是规范的印度佛教原型的扭曲反映。沙夫的论点部分来自于对一部晦涩难懂的、名义上的佛教文献《宝藏论》的仔细分析。这本书从仔细重建文本的历史和宗教渊源开始。其次，本文从内部证据分析，论证了牛头禅与二玄道教相关文本与《周易》的密切关系。接下来是对中国相关宇宙学中的感应的形而上学基础的精彩讨论。沙夫指出，感应（感应）的形而上学概念在多大程度上构成了中世纪中国人对佛教教义、仪式和救赎论几乎所有方面的理解。引言部分之后是对《圣经》三章的翻译，包括冗长的注释，提供了对数十个关键术语和概念的扩展的哲学和哲学讨论。本研究最后对密宗在中国佛教传统中的地位进行了批判性的分析。
Chinese Buddhism is often portrayed as the product of a protracted encounter between Indian Buddhism and Chinese civilization, an encounter that led to the sinification of Buddhist teachings and practices. In a masterful display of scholarship, Robert Sharf makes a major contribution to the re-evaluation of the encounter. He shows that, although the Chinese were cognizant of the foreign origins of Buddhism, their actual exposure to South Asian clerics and Sanskrit texts was limited throughout medieval times. For the most part, Sharf argues, the Chinese dialogue with Buddhism took place among the Chinese themselves. That being the case, Chinese Buddhism is more properly approached as a product of sinitic culture, not a distorted reflection of normative Indian Buddhist prototypes. Sharf draws his argument in part from a close analysis of an obscure, nominally Buddhist text, the Treasure Store Treatise (Pao-tsang lun). The book begins with a careful reconstruction of historical and religious provenance of the text. It next turns to an analysis of internal evidence to demonstrate the close affinity between the Treatise and texts associated with Ox-head Ch'an and Twofold-Mystery Taoism. There follows a fascinating discussion of the metaphysical underpinnings of the Treatise in Chinese correlative cosmology, in which Sharf points out the degree to which the metaphysical notion of sympathetic resonance (kan-ying) structured the medieval Chinese understanding of virtually all aspects of Buddhist doctrine, ritual, and soteriology. The introductory section is followed by a translation of the three chapters of the Treatise, including lengthy annotation that provides extended philologicaland philosophical discussion of dozens of key terms and concepts. The study concludes with a critical analysis of the place of Tantric, or Esoteric, Buddhism within the Chinese Buddhist tradition.