Public attitudes toward child undervaccination: A randomized experiment on evaluations, stigmatizing orientations, and support for policies
Public attitudes toward child undervaccination: A randomized experiment on evaluations, stigmatizing orientations, and support for policies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.05.014
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Fitz, Nicholas S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpiano, Richard M.;Fitz, Nicholas S.
儿童疫苗接种不足是一个复杂的公共卫生问题，也是一个有争议的社会和政治问题。努力提高疫苗接种覆盖率需要了解公众如何评估儿童疫苗接种不足的不同原因，这可能会影响态度，污名化行为和对疫苗接种政策的支持。我们对美国全国在线样本（n = 1469）进行了一个小插曲实验，以调查不同的疫苗接种不足行为如何以及为什么会影响评价（责备，愤怒，同情，差异，可信度，恶意），污名化倾向（社会距离，歧视）以及对特定政策的支持（例如，研究经费、信仰豁免、罚款）。每个参与者被随机分配阅读四个小插曲之一，描述了一位母亲拒绝接种疫苗，延迟接种疫苗，遇到社会障碍获得疫苗，或者为她的孩子接种最新疫苗。与最新的条件相比，每一个接种不足的行动预测显着更多的负面评价和污名化的方向。拒绝接种是最负面的评价。对父母的负面评价解释了社会距离和歧视的差异。这些评价和方向预测了对一系列政策的支持。父母的负面评价与对更严厉政策的支持增加有关。我们讨论了这些发现对解决疫苗接种不足问题和为健康奖学金提供有关耻辱的信息的影响。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Child undervaccination is a complex public health problem and a contentious social and political issue. Efforts to increase vaccination coverage require understanding how the public evaluates different reasons for child undervaccination, which may influence attitudes, stigmatizing behaviors, and support for vaccination policies. We conducted a vignette experiment with a United States national online sample (n = 1469) to investigate how and why different undervaccination actions shape evaluations (blame, anger, sympathy, differentness, credibility, dangerousness), stigmatizing orientations (social distance, discrimination), and support for particular policies (e.g., research funding, belief exemptions, fines). Each participant was randomly assigned to read one of four vignettes that described a mother who either refused vaccines, delayed vaccines, encountered social barriers to obtaining vaccines, or was up-to-date on vaccines for her child. Compared to the up-to-date condition, each undervaccination action predicted significantly more negative evaluations and stigmatizing orientations. Vaccine refusal was the most negatively appraised. Differences in social distance and discrimination were explained by negative evaluations about the parent. These evaluations and orientations predicted support for a range of policies. Negative parental evaluations were associated with increased support for more severe policies. We discuss the implications of these findings for addressing undervaccination and informing health scholarship on stigma. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.