Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) Do Not Form Expectations Based on Their Partner's Outcomes
Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) Do Not Form Expectations Based on Their Partner's Outcomes
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DOI：
10.1159/000328142
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Stoinski, Tara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brosnan, Sarah F.;Flemming, Timothy;Stoinski, Tara
有几种灵长类动物会根据他人的结果形成期望，当他们的结果与伴侣的结果不同时，他们会做出消极的反应。这种行为的功能和进化途径尚不清楚，部分原因是迄今为止测试过的所有物种都具有与群居生活方式、智力和合作性相关的特征。我们的目标是通过比较一个已知的显示社会比较的物种，黑猩猩，与另一种在这些生活史特征中有几个不同的大猿，来测试不平等是否是灵长类动物之间的同源性或趋同性。使用与以前使用黑猩猩相同的协议，我们测试了红毛猩猩，一个聪明但主要是孤独的物种，很少有机会合作，是否有类似的反应。为了与黑猩猩（和其他物种）进行强有力的比较，我们使用了社会性圈养的雄性和雌性成年人，并对其社会群体的成员进行了测试。红毛猩猩并没有对不平等做出负面反应，这支持了以前的研究结果，并表明猿类的不平等反应可能是基于社会性或合作倾向的趋同。在这些密切相关的物种中的这些结果突出了需要进行额外的比较研究，以更好地了解社会行为的功能和进化。版权所有（C）2011 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Several primate species form expectations based on others' outcomes, responding negatively when their outcomes differ from their partners'. The function and evolutionary pathway of this behavior are unknown, in part because all of the species which have been tested thus far share traits related to a gregarious lifestyle, intelligence, and cooperativeness. Our goal was to test whether inequity is a homology among primates or a convergence by comparing one species known to show social comparisons, the chimpanzee, to another great ape which differs on several of these life history characteristics. Using a protocol identical to one used previously with chimpanzees, we tested whether orangutans, an intelligent but predominantly solitary species with few opportunities to cooperate, responded similarly. To allow for a strong comparison with chimpanzees (and other species), we used socially housed adults of both sexes, tested with members of their social group. Orangutans did not respond negatively to inequity, supporting previous findings and indicating that inequity responses in apes are likely a convergence based on either sociality or cooperative tendency. These results in such closely related species highlight the need for additional comparative studies to understand better the function and evolution of social behaviors. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel