The roles of national and provincial diagnostic laboratories in the eradication of highly pathogenic H7N3 avian influenza virus from the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada
The roles of national and provincial diagnostic laboratories in the eradication of highly pathogenic H7N3 avian influenza virus from the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada
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DOI：
10.1637/7566-033106r1.1
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Cottam-Birt, Colleen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pasick, John;Robinson, John;Cottam-Birt, Colleen
2004年2月，在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的弗雷泽河谷爆发了一次高致病性禽流感。该指标农场是一家肉鸡种鸡场，包括24周龄和52周龄的两个鸡群。年龄较大的鸡群出现产蛋量轻微下降和死亡率小幅上升。从年龄较大的鸡群中采集的病理标本提交给省兽医诊断实验室，从中分离出甲型流感病毒。在省兽医当局仍在调查期间，观察到属于较年轻禽群的鸟类死亡率激增。来自这两个禽群的诊断材料被转发给加拿大食品检验局的国家外来动物疾病中心。在年龄较大的鸡群中检出低致病性H7N3病毒，在年龄较小的鸡群中检出新型高致病性H7N3病毒。尽管在该农场销毁并处理了禽鸟，但病毒还是传播到了邻近的农场。考虑到弗雷泽河谷家禽养殖业的高密度和产业支持服务之间的高度整合，总共约有1700万只鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅和特色鸟类面临直接风险。尽管运动控制了病毒的传播，并在三个不同的集群中建立了自己。为防止进一步传播，在监测区外对健康的、可销售的禽鸟进行了预防性屠宰。虽然高致病性禽流感是联邦的责任，但如果没有联邦和省级诊断实验室的合作参与，就不可能成功控制和根除这一疫情。这种合作的成功在一定程度上促成了国家禽流感实验室网络的形成。
In February 2004 a highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak erupted in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada. The index farm was a chicken broiler breeder operation comprising two flocks, 24 and 52 wk of age. Birds in the older flock presented with a mild drop in egg production and a small increase in mortality. Pathological specimens taken from the older flock were submitted to the provincial veterinary diagnostic laboratory from which an influenza A virus was isolated. While still under investigation by the provincial veterinary authorities, a spike in mortality was observed in birds belonging to the younger flock. Diagnostic material from both flocks was forwarded to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease. A low-pathogenicity H7N3 virus was detected in the older flock and a novel highly pathogenic H7N3 virus was found in specimens collected from the younger flock. Despite destruction and disposal of birds on the index farm, the virus spread to adjacent farms. Given the high density of poultry operations in the Fraser Valley and the high level of integration amongst industry support services, a total of approximately 17 million chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and speciality birds were put at immediate risk. Despite movement controls the virus spread and established itself in three distinct clusters. To prevent further spread, healthy, marketable birds outside of the surveillance areas were pre-emptively slaughtered. Although highly pathogenic avian influenza is a federal responsibility, the successful control and eradication of this outbreak would not have been possible without the cooperative involvement of federal and provincial diagnostic laboratories. The success of this collaboration was partly responsible for the formation of a national avian influenza laboratory network.