Relationships between levels of volatile organic compounds in air and blood from the general population
Relationships between levels of volatile organic compounds in air and blood from the general population
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jes.7500635
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Rappaport, S. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, Y. S.;Egeghy, P. P.;Rappaport, S. M.
血液和空气中挥发性有机化合物（VOC）水平之间的关系尚未在一般人群中得到很好的表征，其中暴露浓度通常为十亿分之几的水平。本研究调查了9种挥发性有机化合物，即苯，氯仿，1，4-二氯苯，三氯甲烷，甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE），四氯乙烯，甲苯，间/对和邻二甲苯，在血液和空气中的水平之间的关系分层随机抽样的一般美国人口。我们使用了从354名参与者中收集的数据，其中包括89名吸烟者和265名非吸烟者，年龄在20-59岁之间，他们在1999-2000年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中提供了血液和空气样本。人口统计学和生理学特征从自我报告的信息，吸烟状态确定从血清可替宁水平。多元线性回归模型被用来研究空气和血液中VOC水平之间的关系，同时调整吸烟和人口因素的影响。虽然血液中的VOCs水平与相应的空气水平呈正相关，但相关强度（R-2）从0.02（三氯甲烷）到0.68（1，4-DCB）不等。此外，苯，甲苯，甲苯和二甲苯（BTEX）的血液-空气关系受到吸烟，吸烟-吸烟相互作用，性别，年龄和BMI的影响，而其他VOCs则没有。有趣的是，苯与甲苯、甲苯和二甲苯之间的特定吸烟相互作用是不同的。而吸烟者保留更多的苯在他们的血液中增加暴露水平，他们保留较少的甲苯，二甲苯和二甲苯在增加暴露水平。研究人员在探索一般人群中BTEX化合物的血液-空气关系时，应考虑暴露水平和吸烟的相互作用。
The relationships between levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in blood and air have not been well characterized in the general population where exposure concentrations are generally at parts per billion levels. This study investigates relationships between the levels of nine VOCs, namely, benzene, chloroform, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tetrachloroethene, toluene, and m-/p- and o-xylene, in blood and air from a stratified random sample of the general US population. We used data collected from 354 participants, including 89 smokers and 265 nonsmokers, aged 20-59 years, who provided samples of blood and air in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000. Demographic and physiological characteristics were obtained from self-reported information; smoking status was determined from levels of serum cotinine. Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the relationships between VOC levels in air and blood, while adjusting for effects of smoking and demographic factors. Although levels of VOCs in blood were positively correlated with the corresponding air levels, the strength of association (R-2) varied from 0.02 (ethylbenzene) to 0.68 (1,4-DCB). Also the blood-air relationships of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes (BTEX) were influenced by smoking, exposure-smoking interactions, and by gender, age, and BMI, whereas those oft he other VOCs were not. Interestingly, the particular exposure-smoking interaction for benzene was different from those for toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes. Whereas smokers retained more benzene in their blood at increasing exposure levels, they retained less toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes at increasing exposure levels. Investigators should consider interaction effects of exposure levels and smoking when exploring the blood-air relationships of the BTEX compounds in the general population.