Genetic Network Architecture and Environmental Cues Drive Spatial Organization of Phenotypic Division of Labor in Streptomyces coelicolor.
Genetic Network Architecture and Environmental Cues Drive Spatial Organization of Phenotypic Division of Labor in Streptomyces coelicolor.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00794-21
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发表时间：
2021-05-18
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Traxler MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zacharia VM;Ra Y;Sue C;Alcala E;Reaso JN;Ruzin SE;Traxler MF
已知许多细菌在生物膜形成或生殖结构发育等过程中分化为具有不同表型性状的细胞。这些细胞类型，凭借其专门的功能，体现了劳动分工。然而，细菌如何建立分化细胞的空间模式还不清楚。在这里，我们研究了天蓝色链霉菌菌落中劳动分工空间模式的驱动因素，天蓝色链霉菌是一种多细胞细菌，能够合成一系列抗生素并形成复杂的生殖结构（例如，气生菌丝和孢子）。利用荧光报告，我们证明了抗生素生物合成和气生菌丝形成的途径在S. coelicolor colonies.我们还表明，这些细胞类型的时空分离取决于一个关键的激活剂在发育途径，AdpA。重要的是，当我们通过在附近生长竞争微生物或通过物理破坏来操纵局部梯度时，这些途径中的表达可能分别被解耦和/或紊乱。最后，这些细胞类型的正常空间组织部分恢复了铁载体，由这些生物体，生长培养基中的公共产品。总之，这些结果表明，空间分工的劳动在S。腔棘鱼菌落由生理梯度和调节网络结构的组合决定，这些因素也是驱动多细胞真核生物中细胞分化模式的关键因素。
A number of bacteria are known to differentiate into cells with distinct phenotypic traits during processes such as biofilm formation or the development of reproductive structures. These cell types, by virtue of their specialized functions, embody a division of labor. However, how bacteria build spatial patterns of differentiated cells is not well understood. Here, we examine the factors that drive spatial patterns in divisions of labor in colonies of Streptomyces coelicolor, a multicellular bacterium capable of synthesizing an array of antibiotics and forming complex reproductive structures (e.g., aerial hyphae and spores). Using fluorescent reporters, we demonstrate that the pathways for antibiotic biosynthesis and aerial hypha formation are activated in distinct waves of gene expression that radiate outwards in S. coelicolor colonies. We also show that the spatiotemporal separation of these cell types depends on a key activator in the developmental pathway, AdpA. Importantly, when we manipulated local gradients by growing competing microbes nearby, or through physical disruption, expression in these pathways could be decoupled and/or disordered, respectively. Finally, the normal spatial organization of these cell types was partially restored with the addition of a siderophore, a public good made by these organisms, to the growth medium. Together, these results indicate that spatial divisions of labor in S. coelicolor colonies are determined by a combination of physiological gradients and regulatory network architecture, key factors that also drive patterns of cellular differentiation in multicellular eukaryotic organisms.