Positive affect uniquely predicts lower risk of mortality in people with diabetes
Positive affect uniquely predicts lower risk of mortality in people with diabetes
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.s73
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Acree, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moskowitz, Judith Tedlie;Epel, Elissa S.;Acree, Michael
目的：确定积极情绪是否能预测糖尿病患者和没有慢性健康状况的对照组中的死亡率。设计：纵向队列研究。主要观察指标：死亡率。结果：在糖尿病患者中，积极的情感与较低的全因死亡率显著相关(N=715)。享受生活与较低的死亡率风险有关，而不是负面情绪或其他重要的死亡率预测因素的影响。在没有慢性病的对照样本中(N=2,673)，积极情绪与死亡率无关。然而，当分析仅限于65岁以上的人时，特定的积极情绪，特别是充满希望和享受生活的情绪，与较低的死亡风险显著相关，同样与负面情绪无关。在年龄较大的样本中，当其他死亡预测因素被统计控制时，享受生活仍然显着地预测较低的死亡风险。在65岁以上的人中，积极的情绪尤其具有保护作用，因为他们报告的压力水平更高。结论：根据积极情绪可能的压力缓冲功能对这些发现进行了讨论。
Objective: To determine whether positive affect predicts mortality among people with diabetes and among a comparison group of people with no chronic health conditions. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Main Outcome Measure: Mortality. Results: Positive affect was significantly associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in people with diabetes (N = 715). Enjoyed life was associated with lower risk of mortality over and above the effects of negative affect or other significant predictors of mortality. In a comparison sample without chronic illness (N = 2,673), positive affect was not associated with mortality. However, when the analysis was restricted to those over the age of 65, specific positive affects, in particular hopeful and enjoyed life were significantly associated with lower risk of mortality, again independent of negative affect. Enjoyed life remained significantly predictive of lower risk of mortality in the older sample when other predictors of mortality were statistically controlled. Positive affect was particularly protective among those over the age of 65 who reported higher levels of stress. Conclusion: These findings are discussed in light of possible stress-buffering functions of positive affect.