The Balkans and the colonization of Europe: the post-glacial range expansion of the wild boar, Sus scrofa
The Balkans and the colonization of Europe: the post-glacial range expansion of the wild boar, Sus scrofa
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02636.x
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Triantaphyllidis, Costas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexandri, Panoraia;Triantafyllidis, Alexander;Triantaphyllidis, Costas
目的探讨巴尔干半岛的半岛作为冰川避难所和冰后期向北扩散的起源地的地理学作用。具体而言，我们分析了遗传结构和变异的野猪（猪）样本主要来自希腊，一个地区，多次担任冰川避难所内的巴尔干半岛的半岛。位置希腊大陆，爱琴海岛屿的萨摩斯岛和Bulgaria.Methods我们分析了野猪样本从18个地方。还对常见家养品种的样本进行了检查，以考虑野生动物和家养动物之间的相互作用。对200头野猪和27头家猪的线粒体DNA控制区637 bp片段进行了系统发育分析。结果在欧洲野猪数据集中共鉴定出94种单倍型，其中68种在巴尔干半岛的样本中发现，并被归属于两个以前描述过的分支：E1欧洲分支和近东分支。所有的大陆样本都聚集在E1分支中，而萨摩斯岛的样本则属于近东分支，这与该岛靠近小亚细亚是一致的。有趣的是，62个新的单倍型被确定，并发现专门在巴尔干半岛。只有6个单倍型之间共享野猪和家猪。主要结论我们的数据揭示了许多新的和地理限制的单倍型在野猪种群，这表明存在单独的避难所在巴尔干半岛。我们的分析支持的假设，冰后期野猪扩张的前沿模型，北部和西部从现代希腊一致，并建议很少的母系渐渗到野生巴尔干半岛的人口的近东和国内单倍型。
Aim We focus on the biogeographical role of the Balkan Peninsula as a glacial refugium and source of northward post-glacial dispersal for many European taxa. Specifically, we analysed the genetic structure and variation of wild boar (Sus scrofa) samples primarily from Greece, a region that has repeatedly served as a glacial refugium within the Balkan Peninsula.Location Continental Greece, the Aegean island of Samos and Bulgaria.Methods We analysed wild boar samples from 18 localities. Samples from common domestic breeds were also examined to take into account interactions between wild and domesticated animals. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out on a 637-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region in 200 wild boar and 27 domestic pigs. The sequences were also compared with 791 Eurasian wild boar and domestic pig D-loop sequences obtained from GenBank.Results Ninety-four haplotypes were identified in the European wild boar data set, of which 68 were found in the Balkan samples and assigned to two previously described clades: the E1 European and Near Eastern clades. All of the continental samples clustered in the E1 clade and the samples from Samos fell into the Near Eastern clade, consistent with the island's proximity to Asia Minor. Intriguingly, 62 novel haplotypes were identified and are found exclusively in the Balkans. Only six haplotypes were shared between wild boar and domestic pigs.Main conclusions Our data reveal numerous novel and geographically restricted haplotypes in wild boar populations, suggesting the presence of separate refugia in the Balkans. Our analyses support the hypothesis of a postglacial wild boar expansion consistent with the leading edge model, north and west from modern day Greece, and suggest little maternal introgression of Near Eastern and domestic haplotypes into wild Balkan populations.