Keeping Women in the Science Pipeline
Keeping Women in the Science Pipeline
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DOI：
10.1177/0002716211416925
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Frasch, Karie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goulden, Marc;Mason, Mary Ann;Frasch, Karie
一流的科学在很大程度上取决于未来科学家人才库的质量。女性现在在美国的人才库中占很大一部分，但许多数据来源表明，在获得学院或大学的终身职位之前，她们比男性更有可能“泄漏”出科学管道。作者的研究详细研究了这个问题，利用了多个来源，包括博士学位获得者调查和几个原始调查。他们的研究结果表明，家庭的形成最重要的是婚姻和生育，这是女性从研究生院到获得科学终身职位的最大渠道。作者还发现，研究人员在家庭响应政策方面获得的福利有限，例如带薪产假和育儿假，而年轻科学家获得的福利最少。联邦机构和大学可以一起在解决这一系统性问题方面取得进展。
Premier science largely depends on the quality of the pool of future scientists. Women now represent a large part of the talent pool in the United States, but many data sources indicate that they are more likely than men to "leak" out of the science pipeline before obtaining tenure at a college or university. The authors' research examines this issue in detail, drawing on multiple sources, including the Survey of Doctorate Recipients and several original surveys. Their findings show that family formation-most important marriage and childbirth-accounts for the largest leaks in the pipeline from graduate school to the acquisition of tenure for women in the sciences. The authors also find that researchers receive limited benefits when it comes to family responsive policies, such as paid maternity and parental leave, and that young scientists receive the least. Together, federal agencies and universities can make headway in solving this systemic problem.