Factors preventing materno-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Factors preventing materno-fetal transmission of SARS-CoV-2
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DOI：
10.1016/j.placenta.2020.05.012
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Aydin, Suleyman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Celik, Onder;Saglam, Aylin;Aydin, Suleyman
尽管许多孕妇感染了冠状病毒，但宫内垂直传播的存在尚未得到最终报告。是什么阻止这种高传染性病毒感染胎儿？是仅仅存在一个强大的胎盘屏障，还是病毒用来传播的某种受体的自然缺失？因此，我们需要全面了解位于两个功能相似的不同器官中的哺乳动物上皮屏障的作用机制。SARS-CoV-2选择的潜在目标屏障是肺泡-毛细血管屏障（ACB）和合胞-毛细血管屏障（SCB）。小泡是位于细胞膜上的欧米茄形结构。它们由小窝蛋白-1 （Cav-1）组成，参与一些病毒的内化。通过激活白细胞和核因子-。B， Cav-1引发炎症反应。冠状病毒上存在多个Cav-1结合位点是支持sars - cov -2介导的肺损伤之间可能关系的重要发现。ACB细胞表达Cav-1，而在合胞滋养细胞中不表达Cav-1。在这篇简短的综述中，我们将试图解释我们的假设，即SCB中缺乏小窝蛋白表达是阻止SARS-CoV-2垂直传播的最重要生理机制之一。由于生理Cav-1缺陷似乎可以防止急性细胞损伤，因此可能会开发出治疗算法来阻断受SARS-CoV-2影响的非怀孕人群的这一途径。
Although many pregnant women have been infected by coronavirus, the presence of intrauterine vertical transmission has not been conclusively reported yet. What prevents this highly contagious virus from reaching the fetus? Is it only the presence of a strong placental barrier, or is it the natural absence of the some receptor that the viruses use for transmission? We, therefore, need to comprehensively understand the mechanism of action of the mammalian epithelial barriers located in two different organs with functional similarity. The barriers selected as potential targets by SARS-CoV-2 are the alveolo-capillary barrier (ACB), and the syncytio-capillary barrier (SCB). Caveolae are omega-shaped structures located on the cell membrane. They consist of caveolin-1 protein (Cav-1) and are involved in the internalisation of some viruses. By activating leukocytes and nuclear factor-.B, Cav-1 initiates inflammatory reactions. The presence of more than one Cav-1 binding sites on coronavirus is an important finding supporting the possible relationship between SARS-CoV-2-mediated lung injury. While the ACB cells express Cav-1 there is no caveolin expression in syncytiotrophoblasts. In this short review, we will try to explain our hypothesis that the lack of caveolin expression in the SCB is one of the most important physiological mechanisms that prevents vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Since the physiological Cav-1 deficiency appears to prevent acute cell damage treatment algorithms could potentially be developed to block this pathway in the non-pregnant population affected by SARS-CoV-2.