The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption.
The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption.
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DOI：
10.1177/0269881118769063
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Renn E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis AK;Barsuglia JP;Lancelotta R;Grant RM;Renn E
5-甲氧基-N，N-二甲基色胺（5-MeO-DMT）是一种精神活性物质，存在于多种植物中，在大蟾蜍（Bufo alvarius）的毒液中含量较高。合成，蟾蜍和植物来源的5-MeO-DMT用于精神和娱乐目的，并可能具有心理治疗效果。然而，5-MeO-DMT的使用还不太清楚。因此，我们研究了使用模式，消费动机，主观影响，以及与5-MeO-DMT使用相关的潜在益处和后果。使用基于互联网的广告，515名受访者（法师=35.4。SD=11.7;男性=79%;白色/高加索人=86%;美国居民=42%）完成了一项基于网络的调查。大多数受访者很少使用5-MeO-DMT（≤一次/年），用于精神探索，一生中使用不到四次。大多数人（平均90%）报告了中度到强烈的神秘类型体验（M强度=3.64，SD=1.11;范围0-5;例如，无法形容、永恒、敬畏/惊奇、纯粹存在/意识的体验），相对较少（平均37%）经历了非常轻微的挑战性体验（M强度=0.95，SD=0.91;范围0-5;例如，焦虑、恐惧）。不到一半（39%）的人报告在同一次会议期间重复消费，很少有人报告药物渴望/欲望（8%），或法律的（1%），医疗（1%）或精神（1%）与使用有关的问题。此外，在报告被诊断患有精神疾病的人中，大多数人报告使用5-MeO-DMT后症状改善，包括与创伤后应激障碍（79%），抑郁症（77%），焦虑症（69%）和酗酒（66%）或药物使用障碍（60%）相关的改善。研究结果表明，5-MeO-DMT很少使用，主要用于精神探索，成瘾的可能性较低，可能具有心理治疗效果。未来的研究应该使用严格的实验设计来检查5-MeO-DMT给药在人体中的安全性和药代动力学。
5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychoactive compound found in several plants and in high concentrations in Bufo alvarius toad venom. Synthetic, Toad, and Plant-sourced 5-MeO-DMT are used for spiritual and recreational purposes and may have psychotherapeutic effects. However, the use of 5-MeO-DMT is not well understood. Therefore, we examined patterns of use, motivations for consumption, subjective effects, and potential benefits and consequences associated with 5-MeO-DMT use. Using internet-based advertisements, 515 respondents (Mage=35.4. SD=11.7; Male=79%; White/Caucasian=86%; United States resident=42%) completed a web-based survey. Most respondents consumed 5-MeO-DMT infrequently (≤once/year), for spiritual exploration, and had used less than four times in their lifetime. The majority (average of 90%) reported moderate-to-strong mystical-type experiences (Mintensity=3.64, SD=1.11; range 0–5; e.g., ineffability, timelessness, awe/amazement, experience of pure being/awareness), and relatively fewer (average of 37%) experienced very slight challenging experiences (Mintensity=0.95, SD=0.91; range 0–5; e.g., anxiousness, fear). Less than half (39%) reported repeated consumption during the same session, and very few reported drug craving/desire (8%), or legal (1%), medical (1%), or psychiatric (1%) problems related to use. Furthermore, of those who reported being diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, the majority reported improvements in symptoms following 5-MeO-DMT use, including improvements related to post-traumatic stress disorder (79%), depression (77%), anxiety (69%), and alcoholism (66%) or drug use disorder (60%). Findings suggest that 5-MeO-DMT is used infrequently, predominantly for spiritual exploration, has low potential for addiction, and might have psychotherapeutic effects. Future research should examine the safety and pharmacokinetics of 5-MeO-DMT administration in humans using rigorous experimental designs.
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DOI：
10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-0903
发表时间：
1969-01-01
期刊：
ACTA CHEMICA SCANDINAVICA
影响因子：
--
作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
Pharmacological reports : PR
影响因子：
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作者：
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