Current Status and Future Perspective on Enzyme Involving in Biocontrol of Plant Pathogen
Current Status and Future Perspective on Enzyme Involving in Biocontrol of Plant Pathogen
复制标题
酶参与植物病原生物防治的现状与展望
DOI：
10.55544/jrasb.1.1.3
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harpreet Kaur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gurmeet Singh;Tarun Kapoor;Harpreet Kaur
植物病害必须得到控制，以保持世界各地农民生产的粮食的质量和数量。存在各种策略来预防、减少或管理植物病害。农艺和园艺方法依赖于化肥和杀虫剂。这些农业投入对最近作物产量和质量的提高作出了重大贡献。微生物酶作为生化过程的生物催化剂，帮助细菌在特定的栖息地繁殖。根际微生物可以促进植物生长和抑制植物病原体，这一点早已被认识到。呼吸圈微生物可以通过多种方式帮助植物对抗植物病原体。分泌溶酶是公认的防止植物病原菌在根际存活的生物防治方法之一。为了对抗植物病原体，根际微生物产生几丁质酶、纤维素酶、蛋白酶和葡聚糖酶。UBC的研究人员说，生物管理可能很快就会取代杀菌剂。新的分子方法现在可用于研究拮抗剂-病原体相互作用、根际拮抗剂生态学和生防剂功效。由于农业生态系统是动态结构，有许多因素影响疾病和作物生产力，替代IPM策略来管理作物疾病是有用的，在各种环境。不同的作物系统需要IPM管理选择而不是生物控制，以成功地防止疾病发展和产量损失。
Plant diseases must be controlled to maintain the quality and quantity of food produced by farmers worldwide. Various strategies exist to prevent, reduce, or manage plant diseases. Agronomic and horticultural methods depend on chemical fertilisers and insecticides. These agricultural inputs have contributed significantly to recent gains in crop output and quality. Microbial enzymes help bacteria multiply in a specific habitat by acting as biocatalysts for biochemical processes. It has long been recognised that rhizosphere microorganisms may boost plant development and suppress phytopathogens. Rhizosphere microorganisms may help plants fight phytopathogens in numerous ways. Excreting lytic enzymes is one of the acknowledged biocontrol methods for preventing phytopathogens from surviving in the rhizosphere. To combat phytopathogens, rhizosphere microbes create chitinases, cellulases, proteases, and glucanases. Biological management may soon replace fungicides, say UBC researchers. New molecular approaches are now available to study antagonist-pathogen interactions, rhizosphere antagonist ecology, and biocontrol agent efficacy. Because agro-ecosystems are dynamic structures with numerous factors affecting disease and crop productivity, alternative IPM strategies to manage crop diseases are useful in various environments. Diverse crop systems need IPM management options other than biological control to successfully prevent disease development and yield loss.